DSpace Coleção:https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23532026-05-03T18:17:18Z2026-05-03T18:17:18ZAvaliação da correlação entre contaminação crônica e granulométrica das areias das praias brasileiras afetadas pelo derramamento de óleo em 2019Santos, Jessica Aparecida doshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/378832026-03-24T06:04:40Z2025-10-03T00:00:00ZTítulo: Avaliação da correlação entre contaminação crônica e granulométrica das areias das praias brasileiras afetadas pelo derramamento de óleo em 2019
Autor(es): Santos, Jessica Aparecida dos
Orientador: Fragoso, Wallace Duarte
Abstract: In the second half of 2019, the northeastern coast of Brazil was affected by an oil
spill, considered the largest environmental disaster in the country in terms of both
extent and impact. The oil reached more than 4,000 km of coastline, directly affecting
several states in the Northeast and Southeast regions. The aim of this study was to
investigate the presence of possible polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil
samples collected from beaches along the northeastern coast, using synchronous
fluorescence spectroscopy associated with the PARAFAC model and granulometric
analysis of the soils. In the extraction stage, the headspace technique was employed,
using a heating block connected to a vacuum pump operating with four test tubes per
run. Each tube was sealed with a screw cap containing a nylon membrane, and 2 mL
of an acetonitrile–water solution (40:60 v/v) was added along with the soil sample.
This condition increased the polarity of the medium, favoring the release of gases
that, drawn by vacuum, passed through the membrane. For granulometric analysis,
soil samples were subjected to wet and dry sieving, followed by weighing. The
application of the PARAFAC model to the spectroscopic data enabled the
deconvolution of three factors, with factor 1 identified as a pyrene-type compound
and factor 3 as a phenanthrene-type compound, based on comparison with standard
solution spectra. Granulometric results showed that most samples consisted
predominantly of coarse or very coarse sand. Tabatinga Beach (A) was the only one
that presented mesokurtic classification across all sand fractions and consistent
presence of factor 1, while the other beaches showed different kurtosis classifications
throughout the fractions. The results indicate that fluorescence spectroscopy
combined with the PARAFAC model was effective in identifying fluorescent
compounds, even at low concentrations and in the presence of natural interferences.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Tipo: TCC2025-10-03T00:00:00ZAplicação de células de Geotrichum candidum na Reação de Baeyer-Villiger em AcetofenonaSousa, Kelly Teotonio dehttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/378652026-03-17T06:04:40Z2024-05-10T00:00:00ZTítulo: Aplicação de células de Geotrichum candidum na Reação de Baeyer-Villiger em Acetofenona
Autor(es): Sousa, Kelly Teotonio de
Orientador: Vale, Juliana Alves
Abstract: Biocatalytic processes are extremely important in obtaining low-cost chemical
products for high value-added processes. In addition, most biotransformation
processes are carried out using biodegradable materials under normal temperature
and pressure conditions, maintaining good reaction performance compared to
traditional synthetic methods due to their high specificity and chemical selectivity.
This work aims to study the characteristics of the fungus Geotrichum candidum CCT
1205 in the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation reaction of acetophenone, controlling variables
such as the volume of substrate and quantity of biomass. In the oxidation reaction of
20 μL of acetophenone substrate, 95.8% conversion of acetophenone to phenol was
confirmed by hydrolysis in 2 g of wet biological material and 81.2% with 3 g after 36
hours of reaction. The effect of the volume of substrate was also significant, with 89%
of phenol converted in just 24 hours when 20 μL of acetophenone was added to 2 g
of biomass, making it the ideal amount of substrate to add. The quantity of biomass
and substrate responses were monitored by GC-FID. It is through these studies that
it is possible to understand the properties of Geotrichum candidum, such as its
optimum conditions in reaction with acetophenones for application in future work with
other types of substrates.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Tipo: TCC2024-05-10T00:00:00ZQuímica e povos originários: práticas tradicionais e sua aplicação no ensino de químicaSantos, Natália de Souza doshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/378642026-03-17T06:04:39Z2026-03-02T00:00:00ZTítulo: Química e povos originários: práticas tradicionais e sua aplicação no ensino de química
Autor(es): Santos, Natália de Souza dos
Orientador: Dutra-Pereira, Franklin Kaic
Abstract: Brazil is a country characterized by cultural diversity and the presence of multiple forms of
knowledge, including the traditional knowledge of Indigenous peoples who inhabited these
lands long before Portuguese colonization. However, public education is still predominantly
structured around a traditional teaching model, which can hinder learning, particularly in the
fields of exact and natural sciences, such as Chemistry. This subject is often perceived by
students as difficult and socially irrelevant, commonly associated only with calculations,
formulas, and rules. In this context, the adoption of methodologies that incorporate traditional
chemical practices of Indigenous peoples, such as the use and processing of plants, may help
connect scientific content to students’ daily lives and cultural backgrounds. Such an approach
promotes contextualized and meaningful learning while recognizing cultural diversity.
Moreover, it encourages engagement, curiosity, critical thinking, and active student
participation in the educational process. Therefore, this study aims to analyze traditional
practices of Indigenous peoples, especially those related to the use of natural products, in order
to understand how they can contribute to valuing traditional knowledge associated with
Chemistry as a cultural practice. The research was conducted with second-year high school
students at a public school in the countryside of Paraíba, Brazil. The study focused on the
production of cauim and the extraction of natural pigments (annatto, genipap, and turmeric),
relating these practices to the Chemistry curriculum. The workshops were organized into six
stages: (i) presentation of Indigenous peoples and historical contextualization; (ii) identification
of students’ prior knowledge through a discussion circle; (iii) introduction to basic concepts of
Organic Chemistry; (iv) group experimental activities; (v) explanation of the theoretical
foundations of the Chemistry involved; and (vi) application of an evaluative questionnaire. A
total of six classes were conducted of activities. Data collection included audio recordings of
the discussion circles, questionnaires containing both multiple-choice and open-ended
questions administered via Google Forms, photographic records, and drawings produced by
students using the natural pigments prepared during the workshops. The material was
transcribed, organized, and qualitatively analyzed, enabling the development of interpretative
categories based on participants’ narratives and interactions. The results indicate that the
proposed methodology promoted greater student engagement, participation, and interest. An
improvement in the understanding of concepts such as fermentation, solubility, organic
functional groups, solute–solvent interactions, mixture separation methods, and extraction was
observed. Additionally, students demonstrated greater recognition of the social and cultural
relevance of science. Their statements and productions revealed meaningful connections
between traditional and scientific knowledge, contributing to the appreciation of cultural
diversity and to the development of a more critical and contextualized learning process.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Tipo: TCC2026-03-02T00:00:00ZÁgua como tema gerador no ensino de química: uma revisão em periódicos nacionaisMedeiros, Cleilson Lucena dehttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/353882025-08-02T06:06:01Z2025-05-02T00:00:00ZTítulo: Água como tema gerador no ensino de química: uma revisão em periódicos nacionais
Autor(es): Medeiros, Cleilson Lucena de
Orientador: Lima Júnior, Cláudio Gabriel
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to conduct bibliographical research, of the “State of
Knowledge” type, on the theme of “Water” in Chemistry Teaching, based on the
analysis of the journals Química Nova na Escola (QNEsc) and Revista Debates em
Ensino de Química (REDEQUIM). In the study, a total of 11 publications were found in
the last 15 years. As a methodology for data analysis, Bardin's analysis (2011) was
employed, where the following information was categorized: basic authors, content
covered, target audience, study objectives, and teaching methodology. Another
analysis observed was about the different methodological approaches to teaching,
such as active methodologies such as CTS/CTSA; experimentation, games and
gamification; didactic sequence. A similarity was also noted between some works
regarding the basic authors. Therefore, it is understood that the proposed study was
able to investigate scientific productions focused on the theme “Water”, which, despite
considering a small number of works, are relevant and also point to the reality of new
studies in the area of teaching with this respective theme.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Tipo: TCC2025-05-02T00:00:00Z