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Efeitos em curto prazo da cirurgia bariátrica sobre a pressão arterial e modulação autonômica cardíaca em pacientes com obesidade metabolicamente saudável e comobesidade metabolicamente não-saudável

2025-10-17T06:08:51Z

Título: Efeitos em curto prazo da cirurgia bariátrica sobre a pressão arterial e modulação autonômica cardíaca em pacientes com obesidade metabolicamente saudável e comobesidade metabolicamente não-saudável Autor(es): Costa, Gabriela Ferreira da Orientador: Alves, José Luiz de Brito Abstract: Individuals with obesity who are recommended for bariatric surgery (BS) are at increased cardiovascular risk. Comorbidities associated with obesity, such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes, may exacerbate cardiovascular dysfunction. In a bidirectional manner, vascular dysfunction is also aggravated by them, establishing an interdependent cycle. The aim of this study was to evaluate short term changes in blood pressure and cardiac autonomic modulation in patients with metabolically healthy obesity and patients with obesity and hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing bariatric surgery. Subjects were divided into two groups: individuals with metabolically healthy obesity (ObMS, n = 11) and individuals with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OHTN-DM, n =16). Body mass index (BMI), body composition, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and electrocardiogram (ECG) were assessed at baseline and 4 weeks after vertical sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The RR intervals were recorded for analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). Data were expressed as mean±SD and groups were compared by unpaired Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney. Baseline and intervention data were compared by paired t-tests or the Wilcoxon test. Differences were considered significant when p-value was p ≤ 0.05. The ObMS group had a lower mean age (ObMS: 32,1 ±5,3vs OHTN-DM: 44,8 ±7,5 years) and higher body weight compared to the OHTN-DM group. After 4 weeks, weight loss, BMI reduction and fat percentage reduction were similar between groups. The cardiovascular parameters of heart rate (HR), SBP and DBP were significantly reduced in both groups (p < 0,05). Regarding the HRV variables, there was a significant increase in the RMSSD and pNN50 variables in the OHTN-DM group (p < 0,05). In the spectral analysis, there was a decrease in the LF component of-18,8 ± 15,1 Hz and in the LF/HF ratio of-0,93 ± 0,91 and an increase in the HF component of 20,2 ± 14,6 Hz in the OHTN-DM group. In addition, the OHTN-DM group showed an increase in the SD1 and SD2 variables, but no change in the SD2/SD1 ratio. These results demonstrate that bariatric surgery has a beneficial effect on autonomic modulation and improves parasympathetic activity in individuals with obesity and comorbidities. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC

Avaliação da suplementação de vitamina D3, consumo alimentar e perfil inflamatório em homens com psoríase de um Hospital universitário

2025-10-17T06:05:33Z

Título: Avaliação da suplementação de vitamina D3, consumo alimentar e perfil inflamatório em homens com psoríase de um Hospital universitário Autor(es): Soares, Camyla Suillane Valença Orientador: Gonçalves, Maria da Conceição Rodrigues Abstract: Psoriasis is a chronic, non-contagious, immune-mediated inflammatory disease. Lesions may be related to low levels of active metabolites of vitamin D. Vitamin D participates in immunobiological processes by reducing the production of autoantibodies and increasing the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 10 and chemokine receptor 10 by B cells. Based on this, the present study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of 25- hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, C-reactive protein, and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein before and after supplementation, as well as the dietary intake of vitamin D in patients with psoriasis and to identify sun exposure before and after supplementation, observing the exposure time and use of sunscreen. This is a placebo-controlled intervention study involving 21 patients followed by the dermatology outpatient clinic of the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba. Participants were selected based on biochemical tests to detect vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency. They were then divided into two groups: 10 patients were allocated to the experimental group and 11 patients to the placebo group. The experimental group was supplemented with vitamin D3 at a dosage of 10,000 IU/day for a period of 8 weeks, while the placebo group received the placebo, with the same appearance and supplementation schedule. Data collection was carried out by reading the medical records and consultations held with the participants, where information was collected on food consumption (to quantify daily vitamin D intake, through the application of a 24-hour recall survey), daily sun exposure, use of sunscreen and skin phototype; and blood collection was performed to analyze the serum concentration of vitamin D, calcium, parathyroid hormone, C-reactive protein and alpha 1 acid glycoprotein before and after vitamin D supplementation. Of the total participants, 47.6% (n = 10) were part of the experimental group and 52.4% (n = 11) of the placebo group, with a mean age in years of 43.86 ± 8.51. When analyzing the biochemical parameters of vitamin D, it was detected that supplementation increased serum levels of 25(OH)D, with a median value of 29.20 ng/dL (17.60-75.20), which was significant between the groups. However, it was noted that supplementation did not significantly reduce sérum levels of the inflammatory profile analyzed. It was also observed that the participants presented a deficient daily consumption of vitamin D, a frequency of sun exposure ≥30 minutes, with 81% of the participants not using sunscreen, and the most frequent skin phototype being dark skin, which raises the hypothesis that these parameters contributed to the deficiency in these 10 patients. Concluding that vitamin D supplementation is necessary for them, highlighting the importance of further research. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC

Avaliação da seletividade alimentar em escolares autistas

2025-10-17T06:08:57Z

Título: Avaliação da seletividade alimentar em escolares autistas Autor(es): Coutinho, Victor Matheus de Figueiredo Orientador: Guedes, Cinthia Karla Rodrigues do Monte Abstract: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social, communicative, and behavioral impairments, which negatively affect an individual's relationship with food, leading to nutritional deficiencies and aggravation of the underlying condition. Recent studies indicate that around 1% of the global population has autism, and within this group, approximately 80% exhibit food selectivity. In this context, this research aimed to evaluate the food selectivity of patients with autism. The present study is a cross- sectional research and is part of a project entitled "Nutritional Assessment, Food Selectivity, and Gut Microbiota in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder," with CAAE: 67762723.0.0000.5188. Its target audience consisted of school-age children with autism who are supported by the Fundação Centro Integrado de Apoio à Pessoa com Deficiência (FUNAD) in João Pessoa-PB. Food selectivity was diagnosed, described, and classified according to its frequency and level of intensity. Data collection for this research was conducted in the waiting room of FUNAD services, with the participation of caregivers and individuals with ASD, using a questionnaire created on Google Forms. The data were tabulated on the Google Sheets platform and analyzed using descriptive statistics via SPSS software for Windows, version 21.0. Of the 86 participants in the study, 9.3% did not exhibit food selectivity, 30.2% exhibited mild selectivity, 52.3% showed moderate selectivity, and 8.1% displayed severe selectivity, which also provides an overview of the ASD population in João Pessoa-PB. From the data analysis, it was concluded that the studied population showed a high prevalence of food selectivity, especially at a moderate level. This reinforces the need for appropriate interventions that can improve the quality of life for this population. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC

Impacto do projeto de extensão viva mais e melhor nos perfis bioquímicos, antropométricos e nutricionais em pacientes com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis

2025-08-23T06:04:04Z

Título: Impacto do projeto de extensão viva mais e melhor nos perfis bioquímicos, antropométricos e nutricionais em pacientes com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis Autor(es): Cahino, Letícia Menezes Orientador: Gonçalves, Maria da Conceição Rodrigues Abstract: The elderly population has grown rapidly, mainly due to the increase in healthcare in the last 30 years. However, the significant growth in longevity in the country has led to an increase in Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), which present a specific degree of disability and worsening quality of life, in addition to causing an increase in demand for health services. The Viva Mais e Melhor research and extension project aims to promote nutritional, psychological intervention and a physical exercise program to promote healthy health in people with a high percentage of body fat, who will be monitored over 5 years. Therefore, good nutrition accompanied by a physical exercise program has beneficial effects on the health of most elderly people. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the Viva Mais e Melhor extension project on the biochemical, anthropometric and nutritional profiles in patients with chronic non-communicable diseases for six months. This is an intervention study, of the community trial type. 9 people participated in the research, who are part of the UFPB/CRAS Research and Extension project entitled “Live longer and better with good nutrition and physical activity”. The data from the study refer to the monitoring of patients for a period of 6 months, by spontaneous demand. Data collection was carried out between December 2022 and February 2024, based on data from the medical records of research participants; carrying out biochemical tests; assessment of nutritional status through bioimpedance testing; the Body Mass Index (BMI); and the assessment of food frequency using the adapted Subjective Global Assessment Questionnaire (ASG). It can be observed, according to the analyzes carried out, that after the end of the 6-month period there were significant reductions in median weight (p=0.01), WC (p=0.01), % fat (p= 0.00), fat mass (p=0.00) and visceral fat (p=0.03). Regarding eating habits, there was an increase in the consumption of vegetables, a decrease in the intake of fruits, coffee, sweets and soft drinks. It is expected, therefore, that at the end of the 5 years of monitoring, project participants will develop behavioral changes aimed at a healthy lifestyle through the adoption of healthy eating practices and physical activity, promoting healthy longevity throughout the lifespan. time. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC