DSpace Coleção:https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/37472026-04-05T19:28:29Z2026-04-05T19:28:29ZAtributos do solo sob diferentes condições de uso no Centro-Norte de RondôniaAraujo, Witória de Oliveirahttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/357052025-09-11T06:04:16Z2025-01-29T00:00:00ZTítulo: Atributos do solo sob diferentes condições de uso no Centro-Norte de Rondônia
Autor(es): Araujo, Witória de Oliveira
Orientador: Campos, Milton César Costa
Abstract: The replacement of forested areas for agricultural purposes without due technical criteria is
undoubtedly one of the main problems in the Amazon region. The objective of this study was
to evaluate the effects of different soil use and management conditions (pasture, guava (Psidium
guajava L.) cultivation, agroforestry systems (AFSs) and forest) on physical and chemical
attributes in the central-northern region of Rondônia, using detailed statistical tools, such as
multivariate analysis and geostatistics, to identify impacts, correlations and spatial patterns.
This work was developed at the Instituto Federal de Rondônia - Campus Ariquemes. A sampling
grid was established in each land use system, where disturbed and undisturbed samples were
collected at intersections, at depths of 0.0 - 0.10 m and 0.10 - 0.20 m. These samples were
subjected to physical and chemical soil analyses. The results were subjected to univariate,
bivariate, multivariate and geostatistical analyses. In addition, NDVI of the areas was
performed for subsequent correlation with soil attributes. The analyses showed that soil
attributes varied significantly between the environments studied. Through multivariate analysis,
with emphasis on the principal components and factor analysis, it was possible to observe the
distinction of the forest environment from the other environments. Through geostatistics, it was
observed that the forest presented greater spatial variability and more complex management
zones, while the pasture and guava cultivation environment were more homogeneous.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Tipo: Dissertação2025-01-29T00:00:00ZTransformação de fases e estabilidade de arsênio (As) coprecipitado com(hidr)óxidos de Fe eAIOliveira, Saul Ramos dehttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/357042025-09-11T06:04:20Z2025-05-30T00:00:00ZTítulo: Transformação de fases e estabilidade de arsênio (As) coprecipitado com(hidr)óxidos de Fe eAI
Autor(es): Oliveira, Saul Ramos de
Orientador: Beirigo, Raphael Moreira
Abstract: Arsenic (As) is an element that can cause risks to human health when present in
large amounts in the environment. According to the World Health Organization, As is
carcinogenic in high concentrations, and the tolerable value in drinking water is up to
10 μg L-1. Among the treatment strategies for As-contaminated effluents, co
precipitation with Fe and Al (hydro)oxides stands out. Geochemical barriers formed
by these (hydro)oxides are also considered efficient to immobilize As, due to the high
affinity of this element by Fe. To verify the stability and efficiency of these barriers,
phase changes caused by temperature changes, thermogravimetry tests and infrared
spectrometry by Fourier transform were carried out. A selection of samples was also
carried out for a mineralogical analysis by X-ray Diffraction. As contents were
evaluated through oral (atomic absorption) and pulmonary (atomic fluorescence
spectrophotometry) bioaccessibility tests. XRD analysis identified the following
mineral phases; hematite (Hm), goethite (Gt), magnetite (Mn), ferrihydrite (Fh), iron
sulfide (FeS), maghemite (Mg), alunite (Al), gibbsite (Gb), lepidocrocite (Lp) and
bayerite (Ba ). With infrared spectrometry, it was possible to demonstrate the
differences between samples with and without heating, whose vibrational peaks were
different, in the samples, as a function of temperature. Thermogravimetric
analyzes:thermogravimetry (TG), derived thermogravimetry (DTG) and differential
exploratory calorimetry (DEC)allowed identifying endo and exothermic peaks
resulting from phase transformations. The increase in temperature influenced the
phase changes. The iron valences (Fe2+ and Fe3+), the presence of Al, as well as
the valences and arsenic concentrations (As3+ and As5+) exerted influence on the
phase change process. the thermal treatment does not provide a greater trapping of
As in the crystal lattices, and may increase the As content available on the surface of
the minerals.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Tipo: Tese2025-05-30T00:00:00ZServiço ecossistêmico do solo de estoque de carbono e plano de segurança da águaPereira, Leandro Corrêahttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/356982025-09-10T06:04:47Z2024-02-29T00:00:00ZTítulo: Serviço ecossistêmico do solo de estoque de carbono e plano de segurança da água
Autor(es): Pereira, Leandro Corrêa
Orientador: Beirigo, Raphael Moreira
Abstract: The soil system is an important carbon storage compartment, with this ecosystem service
playing a key role in the balance of greenhouse gases. Another ecosystem service (SES) that
we depend on are those related to the water cycle, such as provisioning, regulation, support and
cultural services. These SES must be evaluated when preparing Water Safety Plans (PSA) in
systems with collection from groundwater wells or surface reservoirs. Soil analysis provides us
with data on the regulation and retention of water in the environment, essential to complement
the PSAs methodology, which aims to analyze the risks and dangers on supply sources that
threaten the quality and quantity of this natural resource for the population.Knowledge of soil
classes, soil cover/use and management and the quantification of the C stock in the cities of
Alagoinha, Curral de Cima, Itapororoca and Riachão do Poço in the state of Paraíba
strengthened the PES methodology, because with the quantitative and qualitative assessment it
was possible to understand that good environmental preservation practices influence the carbon
stock in the soil, this stock being an environmental conditioner that promotes the retention and
regulation of water in the systems by improving the physical, chemical and biological attributes
of the soil. In the cities studied, between 3 (three) and 7 (seven) profiles were opened where
samples were collected by pedogenetic profile and fixed layers of 10cm, for morphological,
physical and chemical characterization with an emphasis on carbon stock. The profiles
corresponding to the town of Alagoinha showed a carbon stock - CE ranging from 36 to 403
Mg ha-1 in the pedogenetic horizons and from 0.5 to 6 Mg ha-1 in the fixed layers, the CE of
Curral de Cima ranged from 2 to 61 Mg ha-1 in the horizons and from 0, 5 to 15 Mg ha-1 in the
fixed layers, the CE of Itapororoca ranged from 8.9 to 96 Mg ha-1 in the horizons and from 4.4
to 15 Mg ha-1 in the fixed layers and the CE of Riachão do Poço ranged from 9.5 to 178 Mg
ha-1 in the horizons and from 0.7 to 19 Mg ha-1 in the fixed layers. Based on these values, the
cities studied showed potential for environmental and economic valuation, and projects for the
acquisition of carbon credits could be implemented in these municipalities. The importance of
evaluating soils in terms of the ecosystem service of carbon stock is understood, as this service
conditions the environment and maintains life, since soil is the main ecological stratifier and
source of the main ecosystem services.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Tipo: Dissertação2024-02-29T00:00:00ZUso de substratos pós-cultivo de cogumelos na solubilização de nutrientes de pó de rocha aplicado em argissolo bruno-acinzentadoNascimento, Joseilton dos Santoshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/356352025-09-04T06:03:36Z2023-02-28T00:00:00ZTítulo: Uso de substratos pós-cultivo de cogumelos na solubilização de nutrientes de pó de rocha aplicado em argissolo bruno-acinzentado
Autor(es): Nascimento, Joseilton dos Santos
Orientador: Dias, Bruno de Oliveira
Abstract: The spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is a potential soil conditioner because is a lignocellulosic
waste that has been biologically degraded. On the other hand, the rock powder is a by-product
is an alternative and cheaper source from mining companies in addition to providing nutrients
that are essential for agricultural crops. The use of these by-products in agriculture is a way to
minimize the disposal of these wastes into the environment. The simultaneous use of spent
mushroom substrate with rock powder can accelerate the solubilization of nutrients contained
in rock powder in the soil, as fungi release organic acids in the microbial growth process,
consequently favoring biological weathering. In this context, the objectives of the present study
were, I) to evaluate the effects of the incorporation of SMS on chemical attributes and soil
fertility; II) to evaluate the effects of the incorporation of SMS on the biological weathering of
rock powder. The research was divided into 3 stages: 1. General bibliographic review of the
theoretical and scientific bases in relation to the application of SMS in the soil and the use of
rock powder as an agricultural fertilizer; 2. Effect of incorporation of SMS when applied in
Acrisol; and 3. Use of SMS in the biological weathering of rock powder applied in Acrisol. A
completely randomized experimental design with 4×2×2 + 1 factorial arrangement was used.
From the observed results, it is concluded that: in the first study, the incorporation of substrates
in natura and spent mushroom substrate promoted a significant increase in the magnesium
content, as well as descriptively reduced the active and potential acidity and the saturation by
aluminum. In the second study, the incorporation of agronomic residues together with rock dust
promotes an increase in ΔpH (favoring the capture of exchangeable cations), soil organic matter
(promoting the release of nutrients) and saturation by exchangeable bases. In this sense, the use
of these by-products in agriculture can generate savings because they are cheaper sources
compared to conventional fertilizers.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Tipo: Tese2023-02-28T00:00:00Z