PPGECAM https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/5433 2026-10-22T05:55:18Z 2026-10-22T05:55:18Z Silva, Yves de Sousa https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/39552 2026-10-09T06:11:56Z 2007-03-30T00:00:00Z

Título: Gestão ambiental integrada de bacias hidrográficas : um diagnóstico multicriterial do alto curso da bacia urbana do Rio Jaguaribe Autor(es): Silva, Yves de Sousa Orientador: Lima, Eduardo Rodrigues Viana de Abstract: Currently, urban planning and management are characterized as complex governance practices, with particular emphasis on mitigating environmental degradation and addressing the socioeconomic deficiencies affecting segments of the population. In this context, the search for supportive management methodologies that encompass the multifaceted challenges of urban environmental dynamics becomes essential to optimize actions that promote socioeconomic and environmental balance, dimensions traditionally regarded as difficult to integrate. Urban watersheds are now considered particularly suitable units for conducting multicriteria diagnoses, as they allow the consideration of multiple factors and provide an ideal spatial framework for understanding local realities. Accordingly, this study conducts an integrated analysis aimed at producing a multicriteria diagnosis of the urban environment under investigation, using as a case study the upper course of the Jaguaribe River Watershed, which encompasses parts of ten neighborhoods in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. To this end, consolidated methodologies were adapted, incorporating a structure of indicators addressing both environmental and socioeconomic dimensions. The selected environmental variables were the Soil Protection Factor and the General Water Quality of the watershed. For the socioeconomic dimension, available data from the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Environmental Salubrity Indicator (ISA) were used. After weighing the results and establishing a classification structure for valuing the selected indicators, it was found that, due to current land use, the watershed is classified as poorly protected. Regarding the general water quality of the Jaguaribe River, the analysis concluded that, on average, water quality deteriorates by approximately 57% from the source to downstream. The watershed also showed medium human development and low environmental salubrity. Ultimately, the multicriteria diagnosis of these variables revealed that the study area is significantly compromised and currently in a state of imbalance. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

2007-03-30T00:00:00Z Cordeiro, Alvan Antas https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/39549 2026-10-09T06:11:58Z 2025-12-09T00:00:00Z

Título: Ferramenta para dimensionamento de reservatório para aproveitamento de água de chuva no Semiárido brasileiro por meio do coeficiente de transbordamento volumétrico Autor(es): Cordeiro, Alvan Antas Orientador: Athayde Júnior, Gilson Barbosa Abstract: Water scarcity in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region is a historical and structural challenge, exacerbated by climate change and the irregular distribution of rainfall. In this context, Rainwater Harvesting Systems (RHS) emerge as a vital solution for water supply, especially in rural communities. The efficiency of these systems is directly linked to the correct sizing of the reservoir, which is their most costly component. This study proposes the development and application of a tool for sizing rainwater reservoirs in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region, using the Volumetric Overflow Coefficient (VOC), defined as the ratio between the annual spilled volume and the reservoir capacity. The objective was to create a method that, by minimizing the VOC, would indicate the "optimal" reservoir volume while minimizing losses. The methodology was based on the simulation of the daily water balance for a 30-year historical series (1993-2022), covering the entire semi-arid region. Maps of VOC values generated from 40 scenarios were analyzed, which combined different catchment areas (50 to 200 m²), water demands (domestic and irrigation), and reservoir volumes (2 to 50 m³). The results demonstrated that the catchment area is the predominant factor for system efficiency, with larger areas resulting in higher VOC for the same reservoir volume. It was found that increasing the reservoir capacity beyond 20 m³ generally does not substantially reduce spillage losses. Based on these analyses, a Python algorithm with a graphical interface was developed, allowing the user to input their location, catchment area, and demand to obtain the optimal reservoir volume and the system's reliability. The tool eliminates offers a solid technical basis for planning efficient, sustainable RHS adapted to real local needs. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

2025-12-09T00:00:00Z Araújo, Mikael Bernardo Vasconcelos de https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/39493 2026-10-08T06:11:03Z 2024-09-03T00:00:00Z

Título: Estimativa do potencial de geração de biogás proveniente das atividades econômicas grandes geradoras de resíduos orgânicos da cidade de João Pessoa (PB) Autor(es): Araújo, Mikael Bernardo Vasconcelos de Orientador: Morais Júnior, Joácio de Araújo Abstract: Climate change is a consequence of anthropic exploration through the unsustainable use of natural resources and inadequate disposal of solid waste. Law No. 12,305, of August 2, 2010, which established the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), provides that some economic activities, and large generators, draw up their plans for waste management. In Brazil, the definition of large generators is not standardized, and the lack of criteria and elements subject to inspections makes inspections difficult. In João Pessoa, Decree No. 8,886, of December 23, 2016, qualifies establishments that produce more than 200 liters per day as large generators. This study aimed to investigate the potential for biogas production from organic waste from large generating activities in the city of João Pessoa. Due to the difficulty of obtaining data from public bodies, previously researched sectors were mapped, including hotels, bars and restaurants, farmer markets, supermarkets and Empresa Paraibana de Abastecimento e Serviços Agrícolas (EMPASA). Quantification of waste was carried out using a specific method for each type of large food waste generator. The estimate of biogas generation potential was based on the Scholl Canyon mathematical model. It is possible to highlight that the research has an innovative character, as no research was found in the bibliometric review carried out in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, which covers all large generators of organic waste, especially in João Pessoa. The study revealed a total organic waste mass estimated at 27,544 ton.year-1, with a potential for methane generation between 50,183 and 66,911 m³.year-1, which indicates a capacity for generating electrical energy of 2,035,407 kWh.year-1, which ratifies the feasibility of using this waste through more technological and sustainable disposal methods, such as the implementation of a biomethanation plant in the city of João Pessoa. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

2024-09-03T00:00:00Z Monteiro, Héllykan Berliet Dos Santos https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38817 2026-09-01T06:11:08Z 2025-08-28T00:00:00Z

Título: Estudo do potencial piezoresistivo de argamassas de cal e metacaulim utilizando o pó de grafite Autor(es): Monteiro, Héllykan Berliet Dos Santos Orientador: Nóbrega, Aline Figueiredo da Abstract: Lime has been widely used as a construction material since ancient times across the world. Currently, lime- and pozzolan-based materials are frequently employed in the repair of historical structures. In recent years, research has emphasized the importance of continuous monitoring of ancient buildings to assess structural health. In this context, the incorporation of conductive fillers, such as carbon fibers or nanotubes, graphite, carbon black, or graphene oxide, has enabled the development of concrete with self-sensing capabilities. By means of electrical resistivity measurements, it becomes possible to monitor the material's integrity, allowing for the detection of damage and crack formation. Furthermore, these composites often exhibit piezoresistive behavior, a property that correlates variations in electrical resistivity with their state of stress and strain. However, these materials are not fully compatible with heritage structures, and studies on restoration lime mortars reinforced with piezoresistive materials remain in an early stage, with several knowledge gaps still to be addressed. The present work aims to investigate lime–pozzolan mortars incorporating graphite powder with respect to their piezoresistive properties for application in historical constructions. Lime–metakaolin pastes were produced with graphite powder contents of 0%, 1%, 5%, and 10% to evaluate physical, mechanical, and piezoresistive properties. Based on the results, the compositions that exhibited the most promising piezoresistive behavior were identified. Among these, mixtures containing 70% and 80% lime were selected for mortar production with a binder-to-sand ratio of 1:3 by mass. Subsequently, mechanical and electrical resistivity tests were carried out. The results revealed a relationship between density and electrical resistivity, with resistivity increasing as moisture content decreased. Regarding compressive strength, higher metakaolin content led to improved mechanical performance. In terms of piezoresistive behavior, mortars with graphite powder additions demonstrated promising performance, exhibiting increasing linearity and sensitivity with higher applied stress levels. Overall, the findings indicate that incorporating graphite powder significantly enhances the piezoresistive properties of lime-based mortars while maintaining mechanical and chemical compatibility with historical structures, thus offering strong potential for applications in restoration and structural health monitoring. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese

2025-08-28T00:00:00Z