PPGECAM https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/5433 2026-04-21T03:09:57Z 2026-04-21T03:09:57Z Muniz, Raul Souza https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37837 2026-03-09T06:04:05Z 2024-07-29T00:00:00Z

Título: Predição da precipitação na Amazônia legal usando modelos aditivos generalizados de locação, escala e forma (GAMLSS) Autor(es): Muniz, Raul Souza Orientador: Santos, Celso Augusto Guimarães Abstract: The variability of precipitation in the Legal Amazon, particularly in areas with a high incidence of zeros in time series, is a significant challenge for climate modeling and accurate forecasting. This study aimed to model precipitation in the Legal Amazon using the Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS), focusing on the analysis of teleconnections, wind speed, atmospheric pressure, and extreme temperatures as explanatory variables. Precipitation and other climatic variables were collected and analyzed during the quarters of 2021. The GAMLSS model was employed to identify regional precipitation patterns and the influence of teleconnections, using the Zero Adjusted Gamma (ZAGA) distribution to handle the high incidence of zeros in the time series. The results indicate that the ZAGA distribution was particularly effective, achieving R2 values higher than 0.75 in 132 out of the 408 pixels analyzed. The regions of Pará, Maranhão, eastern Amazonas, and northern Tocantins, along with specific areas in Acre, Rondônia, and Mato Grosso, stood out for the high performance of the model. Pará, in particular, accounted for 44% of the models with R2 values above 0.90. The conclusion highlights the robustness of the ZAGA distribution in forecasting precipitation in regions with high climate variability, providing a solid basis for future research and conservation policies in the Legal Amazon. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

2024-07-29T00:00:00Z Lima, Eliana de Fátima da Costa https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37761 2026-03-03T06:08:40Z 2023-03-31T00:00:00Z

Título: Levantamento e modelagem da vegetação arbórea para simulação computacional da iluminação natural Autor(es): Lima, Eliana de Fátima da Costa Orientador: Leder, Solange Maria Abstract: The arboreal vegetation is an element of difficult insertion in the prediction of daylighting. To simulate an environment with trees, in daylight simulation software, it is necessary to develop three-dimensional models that represent all the elements intervening in the reproduction of light. Ideally, variables such as height, crown geometry, quantity, leaf size and spacing, trunk size, branches and twigs, reflectance indices, opacity indices, among other variables, should be reproduced in the three-dimensional model. In addition, the complex modeling also depends on a thorough survey of all the variables listed. Thus, this thesis has the main objective of characterizing a simplified and reproducible method for surveying and modeling tree vegetation in the computer simulation of daylight. The data for this research comes from two sources: measurements under real sky conditions and computer simulations of daylight. Illuminance and luminance records (HDR images, or High Dynamic Range images) make up the research database. Comparative analyses were performed to validate the results of the computer simulations, verifying to what extent the 3D computer model of the tree adequately represents the tree used in the field collection (real sky). The main comparative results between measurements and simulations indicated strong to moderate correlations (Spearman Correlation) in all scenarios studied. It was observed that the errors found from the statistical indicators MBE (Mean Bias Error) and RMSE (Root Mean Squarred Error) tend to be larger, especially at the points closest to the window, where they are exposed to a greater amount and variability of light. This result means that there is a greater difficulty in predicting illuminance more accurately in locations with excessive illuminance. It was observed that statistically there is a correlation between the DGP (Discomfort Glare Probability) extracted from the HDR images and the DGP extracted from the simulations, but weak. The coefficient of determination (R²) indicated that the results are statistically significant in 47% of the observations. These results were already expected, mainly due to the direct entrance of sunlight into the space at some times, and the consequent alteration of the illuminance distribution on the surfaces. In general, it could be assumed that the main sources of discrepancies between the measurements performed under real sky and the computational simulations were: 1) absence of the surroundings in the computational model; 2) differences between sky types (real sky and the Perez sky model used in the simulations); 3) the presence of direct sunlight; 4) differences in the photometric characteristics of the materials; 5) scale of the devices used in the field measurements. Differences between measurement and simulation results are expected in simulation practice due to the simplifications of the light phenomena occurring, especially in the case of computer simulations involving elements as complex as tree canopies. Thus, it is concluded that the method employed in this study can contribute to the simulation of canopy permeability to the passage of natural light. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese

2023-03-31T00:00:00Z Nascimento, Raqueline Caldas do https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37723 2026-02-25T06:08:32Z 2021-09-21T00:00:00Z

Título: Mapeamento quali-quantitativo do processo de fotocatálise heterogênea: uma análise do fototratamento de antibióticos, anti-hipertensivos e anti-inflamatórios (AINE's)/analgésicos Autor(es): Nascimento, Raqueline Caldas do Orientador: Rocha, Elisângela Maria Rodrigues Abstract: Water contamination through the release of persistent/recalcitrant organic compounds into aquatic matrices is a recurring problem in society. One of the known and used treatments is the heterogeneous photocatalysis process, which is capable of destroying and mineralizing several types of persistent contaminants in the medium. Thus, the objective of this research was to carry out a qualitative-quantitative mapping of scientific productions about heterogeneous photocatalysis applied to drug treatment, based on a systematic and bibliometric review of the raw and final bibliographic portfolio, followed by a systemic analysis regarding the gaps and future trends on the subject, using the constructivist method PROKNOW-C. The articles were located in two databases, Scopus and WoS, through two guiding axes that generated the search string ("emerging pollutants" OR "emerging contaminants" OR pharmaceuticals OR caffeine) AND (photocatalysis OR "photocatalytic degradation"), in the period from 2010 to 2020. Of the 3,498 articles in the raw database, 1,257 were duplicates. Of the remaining articles, the titles were read and 1,030 were selected. In the academic relevance stage, 270 articles were obtained (repository A) and of the articles without scientific recognition, 28 (repository B) were left for reading the abstract, obtaining a total of 133. After complete reading, 52 were accepted (repository C). Of these, 40 articles were left that addressed three classes of investigated pharmaceutical compounds and thus were chosen to compose the Final Bibliographic Portfolio (PBF), for which 4 guiding lenses were chosen for the analysis of the existing gaps in the theme. In the international scenario, it was observed that China, the United States and Spain are the countries that publish the most on this topic, with Brazil occupying the 8th position in the ranking. The most outstanding journal is the Chemical Engineering Journal, with the Environmental Sciences area concentrating most publications in the world, followed by the chemistry and engineering areas. It was also possible to identify that the main authors that constituted the crude portfolio were Faria, JL, Dionysiou, DD, and Silva AMT The meta-analysis study included four PBF works and the results confirmed that the use of TiO2 combined with other metallic compounds in several forms proved to be efficient in the degradation of the studied drugs in more than 80% for initial concentrations of 0.4 g/L. Among the gaps studied, the following stand out: (1) the limited number of studies on the interactions of input variables; (2) the large number of experiments carried out on synthetic effluents and with drug concentrations outside the reality of real effluents; (3) the lack of studies on the biodegradability coefficients, in order to verify the feasibility of a combined biological and photochemical treatment system; (4) the lack of results related to the cost analysis of the heterogeneous photocatalysis process applied to drug treatment; (5) the little use of new types of catalysts in the treatment of drugs from alternative and sustainable residues. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

2021-09-21T00:00:00Z Claudino, Cinthia Maria de Abreu https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37484 2026-02-04T06:05:40Z 2025-10-27T00:00:00Z

Título: Spatial-temporal improvement of long-term evapotranspiration estimates for all sky conditions in tropical biomes using satellite- and reanalysisbased datasets Autor(es): Claudino, Cinthia Maria de Abreu Orientador: Coelho, Victor Hugo Rabelo Abstract: This study developed an ET model, namely the Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration (ESTIMET), for local-to-regional ET monitoring and applications in the tropics, based on the original MOD16 evapotranspiration (ET) model. The main distinguishing features of ESTIMET are providing a near-real-time product with increased spatial (from 500 to 250 m) and temporal (from 8 days to daily) resolutions, minimising gaps in cloud cover, and adjusting for specific tropical characteristics of diverse vegetation and microclimate types. We compared the results of ESTIMET with those of MOD16A2GF, PML_V2, and GLEAM 4.1a ET products, using eddy covariance (EC) data from 14 sites in Brazil, as well as the water balance-based annual ET estimates in 25 Brazilian catchments. The results obtained from the ESTIMET model were also used to analyse the variability and trends of ET over the past 20 years in contrasting Brazilian biomes (Caatinga and Pantanal) and in regions with land-use changes caused by the occurrence of wildfires and deforestation. Overall, the ESTIMET estimates captured the daily seasonal variations of the EC data, especially in the Caatinga, Pantanal, and Cerrado sites located in these three biomes. The comparisons of the 8-day cumulative ET show that for the catchment water balance, ESTIMET exhibits a better representation of annual ET than other ET products in the three major South American biomes, i.e. the Amazon, Atlantic Forest, and Cerrado, which cover over 85 % of the Brazilian territory. In addition, the analysis of ET estimates over the past 20 years highlighted that both biomes exhibit ET variation cycles strongly correlated with precipitation variability, with a general trend of decreasing in different land uses in both biomes and in areas affected by wildfires and deforestations, indicating that factors such as water availability and changes in vegetation cover are important drivers in explaining ET variability in these ecosystems. Thus, ESTIMET improves remote sensing-based ET estimates in tropical biomes, operating at a finer spatiotemporal scale and with lower latency (i.e. monthly) under all sky conditions, and it is capable of representing the variability of ET in natural surfaces and under anthropogenic changes over decades. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese

2025-10-27T00:00:00Z