PPGG https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/5436 2026-11-11T04:27:11Z 2026-11-11T04:27:11Z Silva, Elton Oliveira da https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/39691 2026-11-10T13:15:31Z 2025-06-26T00:00:00Z

Título: Regionalização e espaço agrário: a particularidade do brejo paraibano face às novas regiões geográficas do IBGE Autor(es): Silva, Elton Oliveira da Orientador: Moreira, Ivan Targino Abstract: The regionalization process, despite its technical and scientific basis, also has a political dimension and is inserted in social and economic contexts. In Brazil, regionalization processes have occurred in different contexts. Initially, it was led by researchers, naturalists, and independent explorers and, later, by official bodies such as the IBGE. The Northeast region and Paraíba did not escape this process, both scales with their particularities. Based on this understanding, the general objective of this research is to discuss the new IBGE regionalization of 2017 in Immediate and Intermediate Regions, taking as a reference the reality of the Brejo Paraibano Microregion. The specific objectives include: the theoretical discussion on the concept of region and its implications; the role of the IBGE in the regionalization process; the different regionalizations for the state of Paraíba, highlighting Brejo; the impacts of the new 2017 regionalization in Paraíba; the processes of continuities and discontinuities in Brejo Paraibano in the context of the Immediate and Intermediate Regions. In this thesis we use the historical and dialectical materialist method, as we understand that it is the most appropriate approach to analyze contradictory realities that imply more general contexts of insertion. This is a theoretical-analytical research, prioritizing conceptual reflection, a critical analysis of the established concepts and categories. The theoretical framework used is also based on authors of Geography who deal with the regional approach such as Andrade (1980); Moreira (1989); Mendonça (2004); Moreira e Targino (1997); Lecione (2003); Melo (1978;1988); Lacoste (1988); Correa (1986;1995;2011); Haesbaert (2010;2006); Souza (2013). This research shows that despite the necessary updating of the old mesoregions and microregions, the 2017 regionalization failed to encompass reality, since despite its generalist proposal it ended up suppressing the particularities of the Agrarian Space, particularly in Brejo Paraibano.; RÉSUMÉ. Le processus de régionalisation, malgré ses fondements techniques et scientifiques, revêt également une dimension politique et s'inscrit dans des contextes sociaux et économiques. Au Brésil, les processus de régionalisation se sont déroulés dans différents contextes. Initialement menés par des chercheurs indépendants, des naturalistes et des explorateurs, ils ont ensuite été menés par des organismes officiels tels que l'IBGE. La région du Nord-Est et le Paraíba n'ont pas échappé à ce processus, les deux échelles ayant leurs particularités. Partant de ce constat, l'objectif général de cette recherche est d'analyser la nouvelle régionalisation de l'IBGE de 2017 dans les Régions Immédiates et Intermédiaires, en prenant comme référence la réalité de la microrégion du Brejo Paraíba. Les objectifs spécifiques comprennent: la discussion théorique du concept de région et de ses implications ; le rôle de l'IBGE dans le processus de régionalisation ; les différentes régionalisations de l'État du Paraíba, en mettant l'accent sur le Brejo ; les impacts de la nouvelle régionalisation de 2017 au Paraíba ; les processus de continuité et de discontinuité du Brejo Paraíba dans le contexte des Régions Immédiates et Intermédiaires. Dans cette thèse, nous utilisons la méthode matérialiste historico-dialectique, car nous considérons qu'elle constitue l'approche la plus appropriée pour analyser des réalités contradictoires impliquant des contextes d'insertion plus généraux. Il s'agit d'une recherche théorique et analytique privilégiant la réflexion conceptuelle et l'analyse critique des concepts et catégories établis. Le cadre théorique utilisé s'appuie également sur les travaux d'auteurs en géographie qui abordent l'approche régionale, tels qu'Andrade (1980); Moreira (1989); Mendonça (2004); Moreira e Targino (1997); Lecione (2003); Melo (1978;1988); Lacoste (1988); Correa (1986;1995;2011); Haesbaert (2010;2006); Souza (2013). Cette recherche montre que malgré la nécessaire mise à jour des anciennes mésorégions et microrégions, la régionalisation de 2017 n'a pas réussi à intégrer la réalité, car malgré sa proposition généraliste, elle a fini par occulter les particularités de l'espace agraire, notamment dans le Brejo Paraibano. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese

2025-06-26T00:00:00Z Campos, Jean Oliveira https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/39349 2026-10-01T06:10:39Z 2026-02-23T00:00:00Z

Título: Dinâmica espacial da cobertura florestal e dos estoques de carbono em cenários futuros no Brejo paraibano (estado da Paraíba – Brasil) (2023–2100) Autor(es): Campos, Jean Oliveira Orientador: Lima, Eduardo Rodrigues Viana de Abstract: The Atlantic Forest supports high biodiversity and provides essential ecosystem services. However, the history of land use and occupation in this biome has resulted in a landscape marked by native vegetation loss and fragmentation. In northeastern Brazil, this biome also occurs in the Brejos de Altitude, where Seasonal Semideciduous Forest predominates and agricultural and livestock pressure contributes to vegetation loss and changes in the carbon balance. In Paraíba, the Brejo Paraibano stands out for its marked reduction in forest cover, with implications for landscape fragmentation and for ecosystem services associated with carbon storage and sequestration. This study analyzed the future spatial dynamics of native forest cover in the Brejo Paraibano, as well as changes in carbon stocks and fluxes and their economic valuation, from 2023 to 2100, based on three simulated scenarios: Business-as-Usual Scenario (CT), Conservationist Scenario I (CC I), and Conservationist Scenario II (CC II). The approach integrated the environmental delimitation of the study area, land use and land cover change simulation, the assessment of forest loss and fragmentation, and the economic valuation of CO₂ fluxes. The spatial extent was delimited through the integration of spectral indices derived from Sentinel-2 images acquired during the dry season and the application of a threshold to identify the municipalities linked to the study area. Land use and land cover scenarios for 2030–2100 were then simulated in Dinamica EGO under different deforestation rates. Landscape metrics were calculated in Fragstats to evaluate native forest loss and fragmentation across the simulated scenarios. Finally, carbon stocks and decadal fluxes were estimated with InVEST, and an economic valuation was performed. The results indicated that the environmental delimitation totals 1,484.04 km² and encompasses 16 municipalities associated with the environmental system. During the historical period from 2013 to 2023, forest area declined from 52,302.39 ha to 35,232.46 ha, while carbon stocks decreased from 25.01 to 16.85 MtCO₂, resulting in a net emission of 8.16 MtCO₂, equivalent to US$ 1.665 billion. In future projections for 2023–2100, the Business-as-Usual Scenario indicates the continuation of losses, with forest area declining to 13,697.46 ha and carbon stocks declining to 6.55 MtCO₂ by 2100, as well as a cumulative nominal loss of approximately US$ 3.2 billion for the period 2030–2100. In contrast, conservation scenarios project gains in forest cover and carbon stocks. In CC I, by 2100, forest area reaches 41,032.62 ha, with carbon stocks of 19.62 MtCO₂, and the cumulative nominal economic gain amounts to US$ 0.92 billion. In CC II, by 2100, forest area reaches 104,077.50 ha, with carbon stocks of 49.77 MtCO₂, and the cumulative nominal economic gain reaches US$ 11.17 billion. Business-as-usual land-use trajectories intensify vegetation loss and the reduction of carbon stocks, whereas conservation trajectories alter fragmentation patterns and favor the carbon balance over the coming decades, providing a basis for discussing conservation and restoration priorities and supporting territorial planning decisions. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese

2026-02-23T00:00:00Z Silva, Antônio Adílio Costa da https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38733 2026-08-21T06:12:06Z 2025-12-16T00:00:00Z

Título: A extensão como potencial para o desenvolvimento regional: um estudo sobre o IFCE Campus Crateús no sertão cearense Autor(es): Silva, Antônio Adílio Costa da Orientador: Cardoso, Carlos Augusto de Amorim Abstract: Public policies for the expansion of Federal Universities and the creation and expansion of Federal Institutes of Education (IFs) date back to the early 2000s; therefore, they are relatively recent. Nevertheless, socioeconomic and spatial transformations are already observable in inland cities of the country that have received campuses. This dissertation addresses the transformations that the Universities and the IF have brought about in Crateús/CE and its surrounding region, with particular emphasis on the IFCE Campus and its relationship with the territory through teaching, research, and especially extension activities. The main objective of this study is to assess the contributions of these campuses—particularly the IFCE Campus and its extension activities—to the development of the region. To this end, we collected data from these institutions and conducted interviews with directors, extension professors, and scholarship holders, as well as with producers, entrepreneurs, and representatives of other public agencies and civil society organizations active in the city and region. The research supports the thesis that these policies have reached inland areas, but in an incomplete way, lacking the structural and human resources necessary to fully realize their potential. It demonstrates that teaching has effectively contributed to education in the region, especially through undergraduate teacher-training programs, but that such contributions are not reproduced to the same extent in research and extension. Among the main reasons, in the case of IFCE, are the small number of professors working in higher education courses—which makes it difficult or impossible to carry out activities beyond teaching—and the lack of financial resources for project development. The arrival of these institutions, in combination with other policies, has significant potential to contribute to the region’s development, but this potential has been diminished by the lack of adequate means.; RESUMEN. Las políticas públicas de expansión de las Universidades Federales y de creación y expansión de los Institutos Federales de Educación (IFs) datan de comienzos de los años 2000; por lo tanto, son recientes. Sin embargo, las transformaciones socioeconómicas y espaciales ya son observables en ciudades del interior del país que recibieron campus. Esta tesis trata sobre las transformaciones que las Universidades y el IF han promovido en Crateús/CE y en la región, con especial énfasis en el Campus del IFCE y su relación con el territorio a través de la enseñanza, la investigación y, especialmente, la extensión.El objetivo central del trabajo es dimensionar las contribuciones de estos campus, en particular las del Campus del IFCE y de su extensión, al desarrollo de la región. Para ello, realizamos levantamientos de datos de estas instituciones y entrevistas con directores(as), profesores extensionistas y becarios(as), además de productores, empresarios y representantes de otros organismos públicos y de la sociedad civil que actúan en la ciudad y la región. La investigación confirma la tesis de que estas políticas llegaron al interior, pero de manera incompleta, sin los medios estructurales ni de personal suficientes para alcanzar plenamente su potencial. Demuestra que la enseñanza ha contribuido eficazmente a la formación en la región, especialmente en las licenciaturas, pero que esta contribución no se reproduce en la misma proporción en la investigación y la extensión. Entre las principales causas, en el caso del IFCE, se encuentran la reducida cantidad de profesores que actúan en los cursos superiores, lo que dificulta o imposibilita la realización de otras actividades más allá de la enseñanza, así como la falta de recursos financieros para el desarrollo de proyectos. La llegada de estas instituciones, en asociación con otras políticas, tiene un gran potencial de contribución para el desarrollo de la región, pero este se ha visto limitado por la falta de los medios adecuados. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese

2025-12-16T00:00:00Z Santos, Camilla Jerssica da Silva https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38261 2026-07-05T06:13:55Z 2026-02-20T00:00:00Z

Título: Influência da sazonalidade eco-hidrológicas e biogeomorfológica em rios não perenes Autor(es): Santos, Camilla Jerssica da Silva Orientador: Souza, Jonas Otaviano Praça de Abstract: This thesis analyzed the influence of eco-hydrological and biogeomorphological seasonality on the morphology of non-perennial rivers in the Riacho do Tigre basin, located in the semi-arid region of Paraíba, Brazil. The main objective was to examine how eco-hydrological and biogeomorphological seasonal dynamics control the morphology of non-perennial rivers, particularly by understanding how seasonal hydrological variations influence vegetation distribution and resilience, as well as channel morphological evolution.The methodology integrated multiscale analyses: at the drainage network scale, using Sentinel-2 NDVI time series (2016–2023) and rainfall data; at the reach scale, through UAV-based monitoring for the production of orthomosaics, digital terrain models (DTMs), and calculation of the VIgreen index; and at the quadrat scale, using permanent plots to monitor ecological succession across different geomorphic units (channel bed, bars, and margins).The results demonstrated a strong positive correlation between NDVI and accumulated precipitation (60–90 days), highlighting the rapid response of vegetation to rainfall pulses. Monitoring with VIgreen revealed marked seasonal dynamics, with increased vegetation biomass during the rainy season and reduction during dry periods. Quadrat monitoring showed that geomorphic units such as pools and margins sustain higher vegetation diversity and stability, whereas bars and active channels exhibit greater species turnover. Morphological analysis identified the instability dynamics of unvegetated sediment bars, in contrast to the stability of vegetated bars, which were only significantly reshaped by extreme hydrological events.It is concluded that the interaction among hydrology, geomorphology, and vegetation constitutes a non-linear system, sensitive to specific hydrological thresholds, with seasonality acting as a key driver of morphodynamics and ecological organization in non-perennial channels. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating eco-hydrological and biogeomorphological approaches in the understanding and management of fluvial systems in semi-arid regions. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese

2026-02-20T00:00:00Z