PROLING https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/5441 2026-09-01T13:20:57Z 2026-09-01T13:20:57Z Oliveira, Taís da Paz Soares https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38781 2026-08-26T06:11:18Z 2025-07-22T00:00:00Z

Título: Acesso lexical de bilíngues : o reconhecimento de palavras em espanhol mascaradas por conversas de fundo em distintos idiomas Autor(es): Oliveira, Taís da Paz Soares Orientador: Estivalet, Gustavo Lopez Abstract: Language comprehension is a complex process, and this complexity is heightened when the listener must focus on a single sound source and suppress competing stimuli in situations of acoustic overload. Although the auditory system filters out irrelevant information and maintains focus on what is relevant (Bronkhorst, 2015), the signal is compromised at the sensory level, so lexical access and comprehension can suffer significant interference. This may occur with greater interference from individuals who speak two languages, as there may be greater competition between the target language and more than one background language (Krizman et al., 2017). Thus, the main objective of this research is to investigate lexical access of the second language (L2) in word recognition in Spanish based on auditory stimulation with different linguistic and acoustic interferences. Specifically, the aim is to a) Investigate the effects of auditory degradation caused by background conversations in different languages: L1, L2, and unknown language; b) To understand the different acoustic and linguistic influences of background conversations during lexical access; and c) To measure differences in lexical processing behavior of intermediate and advanced bilinguals in word recognition and lexical access. Methodologically, the experimental lexical decision task with cross-modal priming was used, with the prime being auditory and degraded by background conversations under different conditions, and the target being visual. The hypothesis guiding this work is that bilingual word processing, in terms of lexical access, is influenced by linguistic facilitation—when a previous stimulus linguistically facilitates the target—and by acoustic degradation, whose operation of this access works as a function of bilingualism and proficiency in the second language. The data suggest that, at the processing level, L2 proficiency interferes with the lexical access of words masked by background conversations. Furthermore, the study verified the existence of the cross-modal priming effect with linguistic facilitation without direct interference from the sensory level, and that this facilitation occurs even with a degraded signal. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

2025-07-22T00:00:00Z Oliveira, Laís Dorací Soares https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38672 2026-08-18T06:10:22Z 2025-07-24T00:00:00Z

Título: A influência do ruído informativo e do ruído energético no acesso lexical em bilíngues falantes de espanhol como língua estrangeira Autor(es): Oliveira, Laís Dorací Soares Orientador: Estivalet, Gustavo Lopez Abstract: In the process of capturing linguistic information through sound stimuli, humans tend to filter the target information amid signal degradation caused by noise in order to recognize, retrieve, and access words from the mental lexicon (Bronkhorst, 2015). However, overcoming or shielding signal distortions depends on several factors and does not always go beyond informative noise (such as background conversations) or acoustic/energetic noise (caused by non-linguistic noises) while the individual is turning their attention to linguistic comprehension of the target signal (Meyer; Dentel; Meunier, 2013). Thus, speech signal losses due to degradation can hinder lexical access and, more specifically, the detection of the minimal units that comprise them, that is, the distinctive features followed by phonemes. Thus, the general objective of this research was to investigate the influence of masking by energetic noise and informative noise on the lexical access of Portuguese/Spanish bilinguals. Specifically, we aim to verify whether the effects under background noise are similar at low and high frequencies and whether there is an interaction with the frequency variable; to examine whether bilinguals need more time to decide whether a lexical item exists or is in which language; to determine whether L2 proficiency level interferes with lexical access amid noise; and to compare data from energetic noise with those from an unknown language. Thus, the hypothesis of this research is that masking caused by energetic or informative noise interferes with lexical access, primarily by degrading the target signal. Methodologically, three experiments were applied: two lexical decision experiments (in Portuguese and Spanish) and one language decision experiment. A total of 52 Portuguese/Spanish bilinguals participated in the experiments. Confirming the alternative hypothesis, the main results indicated a significant effect in the conditions with noise compared to the condition without background noise. Comparing the experiments, he observed that language access has a shorter latency than lexical item decision, but also showed significant differences between the first and second languages, indicating the possibility of two representational zones in the bilingual mental lexicon. The frequency of use variable remained robust in the lexical decision experiment in Spanish amid noise, which may demonstrate that word recognition in the second language operates by frequency. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

2025-07-24T00:00:00Z Nanque, Honorio Lima https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38671 2026-08-18T06:10:20Z 2025-07-29T00:00:00Z

Título: As políticas linguísticas declaradas, percebidas e praticadas no domínio escolar: as vozes dos documentos oficiais e da comunidade escolar em Guiné-Bissau Autor(es): Nanque, Honorio Lima Orientador: Sousa, Socorro Cláudia Tavares de Abstract: Decree Law No. 7/2007, the first official document in which the Guinean State requires the mandatory use of Portuguese in the country in some domains (Spolsky, 2004, 2009), aiming to facilitate communication and access to the integration of Guinea-Bissau into the international Portuguese-speaking community. For this reason, the present work has the general objective of investigating the language policies declared, perceived and practiced in public schools in the voices of official documents and the Guinean school community. To this end, we have developed the following specific objectives: to describe the language policies and ideologies present in official documents that address teaching, to analyze the role(s) of languages in the school domain in the perception of Guinean educators, students and parents, and to describe the language policies practiced and their reasons in the school domain from the perspective of educators, students and parents. Therefore, the work has as its theoretical basis the notion of Language Policy by Spolsky (2004, 2009, 2012) because it takes into account the three components that constitute language policies: practices, beliefs and management. As for IL, we based our analysis on the theoretical assumptions of Woolard and Schieffelin (1994), Woolard (2007), Kroskrity (2004), Del Valle (2007), Del Valle and Arnoux (2010) and Del Valle and Meirinho-Guede (2016). Methodologically, the work is inserted in the qualitative-interpretivist paradigm (Lin, 2015) and has a documentary character (Decree of Law No. 7/2007). The corpus consists of Law No. 7/2007, which establishes the mandatory use of the Portuguese language in State departments and the Education Sector Plan (2017-2025), which aims to outline strategic points for curricular development. The research was conducted through semi-structured interviews with our collaborators with the purpose of describing language policies from the perspective of the Guinean school community. The results show that the management of the Portuguese language in Guinea-Bissau went from a macro to a micro level, characterizing a language policy that comes from the top down. The research concluded that it is important for the Guinean State to rethink its language policies, in a more democratic and inclusive way, avoiding imposing fines on students for using their mother tongue in the school environment. Such an attitude disrespects not only the students, but all Guineans, since Portuguese is not the population's first language. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

2025-07-29T00:00:00Z Queiroz, Danilo Mendes de https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38663 2026-08-13T06:11:50Z 2025-02-26T00:00:00Z

Título: Nascidas para morrer : um estudo dialógico sobre a identidade trans em noticiários online da Paraíba Autor(es): Queiroz, Danilo Mendes de Orientador: Almeida, Maria de Fátima Abstract: Violence against transgender individuals is a reality in Brazil, a country that stands out internationally for still allowing people to be driven to death simply for constituting themselves as heterogeneous subjects who deviate from hegemonic historical standards. In this context, Paraíba is considered one of the states with the highest rates of trans people’s mortality by homicide, according to the National Association of Travestis and Transsexuals (Antra), and lacks effective policies to combat this situation. Considering journalism as a mechanism for the production and circulation of meanings, this study investigated, selected, and analyzed dialogical relations and discourses concerning trans identities, observing how these social subjects are constructed through the online news genre, based on statements extracted from non-traditional media portals in Paraíba. The theoretical and methodological foundation of the research is based on studies from the Bakhtin Circle (Bakhtin, 2012; 2013; 2014; 2015; 2020; 2022; Volóchinov, 2019; 2021; Medviédev, 2012), as well as other researchers from this Circle (Brait, 2005; 2012; 2014; Fiorin, 2022; Francelino, 2007; Sobral, 2009; Faraco, 2009; 2012; 2013; Almeida, 2011; 2022). It also draws on studies related to transgender identities and social gender (Butler, 2015; Jesus, 2012; Bento, 2018; Louro, 2001), and on authors who discuss journalism and its reconfigurations in the digital age (Marcondes Filho, 1989; Canavilhas, 2014; 2021; Traquina, 2005; Zuboff, 2019; Bradshaw, 2014). The statements were analyzed considering three elements: thematic content, compositional construction, and style of the online news discourse genre, aiming to achieve the general objective of the research: to analyze the fabric of the discourse genre in online news from Paraíba’s newspapers, focusing on dialogical relations and the axiological positions of the press, in order to understand how these narratives address gender issues, influence social perceptions of trans individuals, and contribute either to the maintenance or to the deconstruction of stigmas, promoting critical reflection on representation and violence mirrored in the local context. The specific objectives were: i) to discuss the fabric of the discourse genre (theme, style, and composition) in online news from Paraíba’s newspapers; ii) to identify the dialogical relations present in the statements in order to understand the axiological positions of the Paraíba press; iii) to analyze how the statements value gender issues and whether they result in the maintenance or deconstruction of stigmas; iv) to promote reflection on the online journalistic fabric that, by amplifying discourses on trans subjects, reflects and refracts violence—particularly in the local context of Paraíba. This is a qualitative, descriptive, and interpretative study, based on the categories of analysis: Refraction, Valuation and Axiology. In total, 10 news articles published between 2022 and 2023 were analyzed, from the news portals PB Hoje, Central Vale Notícia, Paraíba Todo Dia, Política por ELAS, PB Agora, Termômetro da Política, Blog do Jucélio, Paraíba Criativa, Polêmica Paraíba, and O Liberal. The results show that the statements reflect and refract marks of violence, criminal and/or sexual practices, portraying heterogeneous trans identities that are targets of crimes such as transphobia, marginalization, and the reinforcement of stereotypes. Some portals, however, act as spokespersons for the trans community, promoting inclusion initiatives and repositioning trans subjects in narratives that break with the previously observed enunciative chain of violence. Despite advances in journalistic agendas aimed at eradicating transphobia in Paraíba, the reproduction of violence still predominates in local journalism. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

2025-02-26T00:00:00Z