DSpace Coleção: PPGO

Atividade antifúngica do 2-benzil-5-metilbenzo[d]xazol frente a candida spp.

2026-08-11T06:12:26Z

Título: Atividade antifúngica do 2-benzil-5-metilbenzo[d]xazol frente a candida spp. Autor(es): Souza, Lara Danúbia Galvão de Orientador: Guerra, Felipe Queiroga Sarmento Abstract: Over the past three decades, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of fungal infections caused by Candida species. Among these, oral candidiasis stands out as the most common oral fungal infection, primarily triggered by Candida albicans. Vulnerable groups include cancer patients, immunosuppressed individuals, and denture users. However, current treatments are associated with adverse effects and increasing pathogen resistance, making it urgent to search for new, more effective, and safer pharmacological compounds for treating these infections. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal potential of 2-benzyl-5-methylbenzo[d]oxazole (Compound 1), a benzoxazole derivative, against Candida species. The antifungal activity was determined using the broth microdilution technique to establish the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Subsequently, agar plates containing SDA were used to determine the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). Additionally, the compound's effects on biofilm formation were assessed, focusing on both the adhesion phase and mature biofilm. Tests with sorbitol and ergosterol were conducted to investigate the action of Compound 1 on the fungal cell wall and membrane, respectively. An in silico analysis of pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties was performed using ADMET, Molinspiration, and Passonline software. The MIC values varied across species: MIC of 16 µg/mL for C. krusei, MIC of 32 µg/mL for C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, and MIC of 64 µg/mL for C. glabrata. The MFC/MIC ratio < 4 indicated fungicidal activity, and the probable mode of action involves the plasma membrane, as an increase in MIC was observed in the presence of exogenous ergosterol. A 64% reduction in pre- formed biofilm and 84% inhibition of biofilm in the adhesion phase were observed, both at a concentration of 320 µg/mL (p < 0.0001). In in silico tests, 2-benzyl-5- methylbenzo[d]oxazole exhibited good theoretical bioavailability after oral administration, good solubility, stability, and absorption, along with moderate theoretical toxicity. Based on these findings, 2-benzyl-5-methylbenzo[d]oxazole demonstrated promising pharmacological activity. These results may serve as an important starting point for developing new antifungal drug candidates, although further studies are required to evaluate its cytotoxicity. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

Colaboração interprofissional na atenção primária à saúde em municípios vulneráveis

2026-07-28T06:08:38Z

Título: Colaboração interprofissional na atenção primária à saúde em municípios vulneráveis Autor(es): Teixeira, Bárbara Rachelli Farias Orientador: Forte, Franklin Delano Soares Abstract: Faced with the challenges and potential of interprofessional collaboration in the t xt f th u iqu h r t risti s f Br zi ‘s rur r s, th r f th F i y Health Strategy (FHS) in addressing the dynamics of healthcare in primary care is highlighted. As an objective, this study seeks to understand interprofessional collaboration of FHS teams working in rural areas of municipalities characterized by social vulnerability. This qualitative research, with an exploratory and descriptive approach, was conducted through non-participant direct observation and was structured by individual interviews, adopting a multiple case study format. Data collection involved 23 interviews with FHS professionals operating in rural areas of three municipalities in Brazil's northeast region, marked by social vulnerabilities. The analysis technique employed to develop the interpretation of collected data was dialectical hermeneutics. The results reveal that interprofessional collaboration in rural Brazil faces substantial limitations due to aspects such as infrastructure and professional mobility, compromising the continuity of care and the establishment of long-lasting bonds with the community. Territorial characteristics influence the delivery of health actions and services, presenting specific challenges to implementing collaborative and integrated practices in primary health care (PHC). The presence of multidisciplinary teams is significant for structuring PHC, though it does not inherently guarantee the realization of interprofessionality, as the lack of coordinated actions among professionals remains a recurring issue in the municipalities analyzed. Despite these adversities, PHC professionals reported competencies and technical skills to meet established goals and indicators, adapting to local particularities and fostering everyday interprofessional interactions. These interactions, involving professionals, users, and community members, form a fundamental axis for strengthening care, promoting more integrated, humanized, and territorial-needs oriented health services. It is essential to reinforce policies of permanent education in health and interprofessional training, alongside expanding adequate resources and infrastructure for team operations. Strategies that promote integration and collaborative work in rural health can contribute to a more efficient, equitable, and responsive PHC that meets the population's needs. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

Discriminação das idades legais de 14 e 18 anos por meio da morfometria geométrica facial

2026-07-23T06:13:13Z

Título: Discriminação das idades legais de 14 e 18 anos por meio da morfometria geométrica facial Autor(es): Sousa, Mathias Antonio Costa de Orientador: Santiago, Bianca Marques Abstract: Forensic age investigation plays a crucial role, presenting challenges when the only available evidence consists of photographs. Moreover, the age milestones of 14 and 18 years hold particular relevance in the legal context. This study aimed to assess the applicability of Geometric Morphometrics in discriminating critical ages in a Brazilian sample. This was a cross-sectional accuracy study considering two critical ages of legal interest (14 and 18 years). The dataset consisted of frontal photographs of Brazilian individuals aged between 6 and 22 years, obtained from the National Passport System of the Federal Police, with a sample of 17,000 images balanced by age and sex (n = 500 for each sex at each age). The photographs underwent automated facial analysis through an approach integrating concepts of computer vision and image processing methods within supervised machine learning procedures, utilizing the demarcation of 28 photoanthropometric landmarks. Based on the set of information related to the coordinates of these landmarks, geometric morphometric analysis of the face was applied using the Procrustes paradigm, followed by statistical tests to identify and quantify geometric differences within the sample. The results of the Generalized Procrustes Analysis allowed for the development of displacement graphs in relation to the critical ages of legal interest, enabling the assessment of shape discrepancies between a reference group and a target group. The coordinates generated by the Generalized Procrustes Analysis were subjected to Principal Component Analysis to explain the variance and covariance structure among the set of variables. The first principal component accounted for 48.86% of the total variability of the Procrustes coordinates, while the second component explained 20.43%, leading to a total variability explanation of 69.29%, a value considered satisfactory for this study. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the discriminative ability of geometric morphometrics concerning the ages of 14 and 18, based on the principal component scores of the Procrustes coordinates and the centroid, encompassing all generated principal components. Three models were developed: one for males, one for females, and one for the total sample, adopting a 5% significance level. For the age of 14 years, the method's accuracy was 87.7%, with higher performance in males (91.7%) compared to females (86.9%). Sensitivity was 89.6% (males: 92.6%; females: 89.7%), and specificity was 85.8% (males: 90.7%; females: 83.7%). For the age of 18 years, accuracy was 76.4%, again with superior results for males (83.7%) compared to females (80.0%). Sensitivity was 87.3% (males: 73.6%; females: 60.4%), and specificity was 65.7% (males: 87.9%; females: 88.2%). These findings suggest that facial geometric morphometrics is a skilled method for discriminate legal ages, with more effective performance in determine the age of 14, especially for male individuals. The results suggest that Geometric Morphometrics, integrated with automated face analysis, has the potential to become an auxiliary tool for forensic practice. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação

Cárie dentária, perda dentária e qualidade de vida de indivíduos expostos a fatores de risco social no nordeste do Brasil

2026-03-04T06:11:29Z

Título: Cárie dentária, perda dentária e qualidade de vida de indivíduos expostos a fatores de risco social no nordeste do Brasil Autor(es): Albuquerque, Luísa Simões de Orientador: Sampaio, Fábio Correia Abstract: To estimate the prevalence of dental caries (DMFT) and tooth loss in individuals exposed to social risk factors in Northeastern Brazil and to evaluate the relative association of these parameters with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This is a population-based cross-sectional study carried out in an urban area of 28 municipalities, with a final sample of 3,063 participants. The conduct and reporting of this cross-sectional population-based study is consistent with STROBE guidelines. The target age groups were: 12 years (n = 194), 15-19 years (n = 817), 35-44 years (n = 1,302), and 65-74 years (n = 750). A questionnaire containing questions about socioeconomic and behavioral conditions and self-perception of oral health (OHIP-14) was used. Dental examinations (DMFT) were performed by calibrated dentists under indirect daylight during home visits and after supervised brushing. Study data were tabulated and analyzed using the SPSS v.22 program, considering a significance level of 5%. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was performed to verify the normality of the data. In order to evaluate the means, standard deviations and intervals, descriptive analyzes of the individual and total scores of the OHIP-14 domains were performed. Individual domains and total OHIP-14 scores with dental caries, tooth loss, and socioeconomic/demographic factors in the sample were subjected to a Poisson regression analysis with robust variance. Mean DMFT (SD) values were 2.68 (4.01), 4.84 (4.30), 15.35 (7.26) and 26.72 (8.03) for 12, 15-19 , 35-44 and 65-74 years of age, respectively. Seventy percent of individuals were partially edentulous and total edentulism affected 13% of this population. The average of the CPOD and tooth loss increased significantly with age and with impacts on HRQoL. Physical pain (5.8%) and psychological discomfort (5.8%) were the dimensions of the OHIP-14 that occurred most frequently. The adjusted multivariate model showed a significant negative impact on quality of life related to the prevalence of untreated caries (RR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.37-1.72), edentulism prevalence (RR = 1.29; 95% = 1.08-1.53) and need for prosthesis (RR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.90-0.97). Socioeconomic/demographic characteristics such as income, education, sex, age, oral hygiene habits also resulted in a negative impact on quality of life. With the exception of the age group of 12 years, there is a high prevalence of dental caries and edentulism in the individuals in this study. It was concluded that the dental condition results in a negative impact on the quality of life of individuals, especially in the elderly age group. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação