https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/1128 2026-09-09T15:08:44Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38901 Título: Adição de extratos etanólicos de resíduos agroindústrias de frutas sobre a estabilidade oxidativa e a qualidade microbiológica de dietas para suínos na fase inicial. Autor(es): Rocha, Gustavo Fideles Orientador: Pascoal, Leonardo Augusto Fonseca Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the addition of ethanolic extracts of fruit residues (pineapple, acerola, and cajá) to swine diets prepared for the initial phase and their effects on the oxidative and microbiological characteristics of the diets. The experimental trial was carried out at the Laboratory of Metabolism and Swine Reproduction-UFPB/CCHSA, where the diets were prepared and stored at room temperature. The experimental treatments were: CN - negative control diet without BHT and antimicrobial; CP - positive control diet with BHT (0.02%) and antimicrobial; DAB - diet without BHT and with the inclusion of 600 ppm of ethanolic extract of pineapple residue; DAC - without BHT and with the inclusion of 1200 ppm of ethanolic extract of acerola residue; and DCA - diet without BHT and with the inclusion of 600 ppm of ethanolic extract of cajá residue. The residues were obtained from the juice agroindustry and fruit processing industry. The diets were formulated, homogenized, and samples were collected from all diets: four feed samples for each treatment and stored for three different periods (0, 30, and 60 days). To determine oxidation and antioxidant capacity, TBARS and ABTS analyses were performed. To determine the concentration of total phenolic compounds, total polyphenols were analyzed, and to determine fungal growth, microbiological analysis was performed. Statistical assumptions were made; the data were subjected to analysis of variance at the 5% probability level. The diets were evaluated in a 5x3 factorial scheme for the diets of both phases. For the lipid oxidation results, expressed in mg/kg of malonaldehyde, there was an interaction effect between time and diets for both phases. For the concentration of total polyphenols, there was an effect of storage time for the diets of phase II and phase III. For the ABTS concentration (μmol TE/ml), there was an interaction effect between time and diets for the phase II and III diets. For the microbiological analysis of the diets, an interaction effect between time and diet was observed for the phase II and III diets. It was concluded that the ethanolic extracts of agro-industrial fruit residues demonstrated antioxidant and antimicrobial potential in the diets during storage. The cajá extract was the most effective in reducing lipid oxidation, while the acerola extract showed better control of fungal growth during the experimental period, similar to the synthetic additives used. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC 2025-07-24T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38899 Título: Óxido nítrico como mitigador morfofisiológico em Rabanete sob déficit hídrico (raphanus sativus l.) Bananeiras - pb 2025 Autor(es): Dantas, Estephanni Fernanda Oliveira Orientador: Dias, Thiago Jardelino Abstract: Climate change and the intensification of drought affect agricultural productivity, generating socioeconomic impacts and threatening biodiversity and food security. In this context, studies have investigated the effects of water stress on plant development and the defense mechanisms activated, such as biomass reallocation to the roots. Radish (Brassicaceae) is a vegetable that exhibits adaptations to adverse conditions, but its productivity is compromised when water availability falls below 80% of the soil’s water-holding capacity (WHC). In this scenario, bioregulators such as nitric oxide (NO) have emerged as alternatives to mitigate the effects of drought. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the morphophysiology of radish under water stress. Over a period of 28 days, plants were subjected to three irrigation regimes: daily irrigation (80% WHC), irrigation suspension from 14 to 21 days after sowing (DAS), and from 21 to 28 DAS. Plants were sprayed weekly with 15 mL of SNP (100 μM) or water (0 μM, control). The experiment followed a completely randomized design (CRD) in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (irrigation regimes × solution application), with tem replications. Gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments, electrolyte leakage, relative water content, and biomass partitioning were evaluated. The results demonstrated the importance of water for radish growth and the potential of SNP to mitigate the effects of water stress in plants stressed between 14 and 21 days after sowing (DAS), despite the risk of, in some cases, inducing oxidative stress. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC 2025-04-28T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38898 Título: Caracterização da criação de bovinos em Damião-PB Autor(es): Souza, Elane Cristina Soares de Orientador: Clemente, Carlos Augusto Alanis Abstract: Beef cattle farming represents one of the main activities of Brazilian agribusiness, playing a strategic role in income generation and in strengthening family farming, especially in the Northeastern semiarid region, where it faces limitations such as prolonged droughts and low water availability. In this context, the present study aimed to characterize the socioeconomic and productive profile of beef cattle farmers in the municipality of Damião, Paraíba, registered with the Empresa Paraibana de Pesquisa, Extensão Rural e Regularização Fundiária (EMPAER-PB). The research was conducted between April and July 2025, using data from 20 rural properties. The results indicated a predominance of small family units, with herds ranging from 4 to 66 animals, predominantly male management, and producers aged between 51 and 70 years. Infrastructure proved to be limited, with corrals and cisterns present in almost all properties, but water troughs mostly of low quality. The semi-intensive system was the most widely adopted, with corn and forage cactus as the main feed sources. Commercialization occurred on a small scale, mainly through intermediaries, which reduced producers’ profit margins. it is concluded that the activity is relevant to the local economy but faces challenges such as water scarcity, precarious infrastructure, and low youth participation, reinforcing the need for public policies and technical assistance to ensure sustainability and the permanence of families in rural areas. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC 2025-09-25T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38896 Título: Ação de tinturas vegetais, microrganismos eficientes e Nosódios homeopáticos no controle do cerococcus parahybensis Autor(es): Silva, Adelmo Ferreira Orientador: Medeiros, Marcos Barros de Abstract: Cerococcus parahybensis, popularly known as “Vermelho” (Hemiptera: Cerococcidae), is considered the most damaging pest insect for coffee plantations due to the harm it causes to this crop in the Paraíba region. In the mid-1920s, coffee plantations were almost entirely decimated by Cerococcus parahybensis. Among the various productive techniques that enable production with less impact on agroecosystems is the use of beneficial microorganisms that can act as plant biostimulants, known as Effective Microorganisms (EM). Besides the use of Effective Microorganisms, another potential alternative is the use of homeopathy in agriculture, which was introduced through Normative Instruction No. 007, dated May 17, 1999. The instruction recommends the use of homeopathy in plant production for both fungal disease control and pest control. In agriculture, it is a technique that uses natural substances in very small doses to stimulate the plants’ natural defenses against diseases and pests. Additionally, it allows for the elimination of pesticide use. Plant extracts are a sustainable, viable, and economical alternative for pest and disease control in coffee cultivation and ecosystem sustainability. They are prepared from plants with insecticidal and fungicidal properties. The use of plant extracts in coffee cultivation can bring several benefits, such as reducing pesticide use and lowering production costs. These substances provide safety for both the consumer and the worker responsible for the application. Therefore, the objective of this work was to develop strategies and processes for plant protection through the application of solutions based on Effective Microorganisms, plant tinctures, and homeopathic preparations on selected coffee plants to control the Cerococcus parahybensis scale insect. The experiment used three treatments along with a control group: a solution of Effective Microorganisms, homeopathy from nosode, and a tincture of Mimosa tenuiflora at a concentration of 75%, applied via spraying on coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) infested with Cerococcus parahybensis. Effective Microorganisms and homeopathy showed population control efficiencies of 27.95% and 37.30%, respectively. The tincture of Mimosa tenuiflora at a concentration of 75% proved to be the most efficient for controlling the population of Cerococcus parahybensis, with a control efficiency of 78.44%, demonstrating potential as an alternative control method for the insect. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC 2024-10-29T00:00:00Z