https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/21690 PPGSC 2026-04-15T17:00:52Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37364 Título: Mulheres privadas de liberdade : necessidades em saúde, determinantes sociais e repercussões em uma penitenciária da Paraíba Autor(es): Fernandes, Danielle Victor Orientador: Morais, Maria do Socorro Trindade Abstract: Introduction: Female incarceration in Brazil has been increasing alarmingly, reflecting the intersection of social, economic, and gender inequalities. Incarcerated women, often marked by histories of violence, poverty, and low education levels, find themselves in a prison system that exacerbates their vulnerability. In addition to overcrowding and inadequate conditions, they face neglect regarding their basic needs, especially access to physical and mental health care. These circumstances not only compromise their quality of life but also reinforce cycles of social exclusion. In this context, understanding the reasons behind female incarceration and the health needs of these women becomes essential to support more inclusive and humanized public policies. Thus, this study seeks to answer the following question: What are the reasons for incarceration and the health needs of women deprived of liberty in a penitentiary in Paraíba? Objective: The main objective was to understand the reasons behind the incarceration and the health needs of women deprived of liberty in a penitentiary in Paraíba. Specific objectives included characterizing the sociodemographic profile of the participants, identifying their health needs, and exploring the social determinants that influenced their incarceration. Methodology: The research, with a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory approach, was conducted with 23 women in closed regimes for at least six months. Data collection occurred between September 2023 and March 2024, using focus groups, participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentary research. The information was transcribed, organized into thematic categories, and analyzed according to Bardin's Content Analysis method and the framework of Basic Human Needs. Results and Discussion: The data revealed a predominantly young profile (30-35 years old), with incomplete primary education and a predominance of informal work before incarceration. Most participants reported a history of family violence, neglect, and emotional ruptures, often associated with involvement in drug trafficking for emotional or economic reasons. The physical and mental health of the participants was strongly affected by prison conditions, including insomnia, muscle pain, anxiety, and depression. Inadequate nutrition, precarious healthcare services, and limited psychological support exacerbated their suffering. Religiosity emerged as a coping strategy, while the lack of family support perpetuated feelings of abandonment. Final Considerations: The study concludes that the health and living conditions of women deprived of liberty reflect the structural inequalities of the Brazilian prison system. The urgent need for public policy reform is highlighted to ensure comprehensive care, reduce the harm caused by incarceration, and promote the humanization of care. The research contributes to broadening the understanding of these women's trajectories and supports the development of more inclusive and equitable strategies for prison health care. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2024-12-10T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37335 Título: Entre vulnerabilidades e resiliências : um olhar trans sobre o cuidado em saúde mental Autor(es): Souza, Emerson Fernando Xavier de Orientador: Costa, Filipe Ferreira da Abstract: Introduction: There are multiple pathways to social and psychological inclusion; however, many of these are constrained by the dominant cis-heteronormative framework. Homophobia, LGBTphobia, and hate crimes produce significant social impacts, including socio-affective disorders, suicide, trauma, and both physical and psychological harm.Objective: This study aimed to analyze mental health care from the perspective of transgender and travesti individuals receiving support at the LGBT Citizenship Center in João Pessoa, Brazil. The research focused on their lived experiences and specific needs related to gender identity and intersectional factors. Methodology: This is a descriptive and analytical study employing a qualitative approach to explore the perceptions, beliefs, motivations, and attitudes of participants. A convenience sampling strategy was adopted due to challenges in accessing the target population. Seven individuals who were either receiving or seeking services at the Center participated in the study. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews in a private and welcoming environment, with audio recordings made upon obtaining informed consent. To preserve confidentiality, participants were anonymized using coded identifiers (e.g., E1, E2). Results: Findings indicate that mental health is a central concern in the health-illness continuum for transgender and travesti individuals. Participants reported experiences of anxiety crises, suicidal ideation, limited access to psychological support, and highlighted the critical role of psychotherapy in processes of self-knowledge and gender identity affirmation. The study also identified recurrent discrimination within general healthcare services, including misgendering, nonrecognition of chosen names and pronouns, and clinical recommendations that failed to address the specific needs of this population. These issues underscore a lack of professional training and sensitivity. In contrast, specialized services exhibited a higher level of preparedness and responsiveness, though the overall fragmentation of care was evident, revealing a pressing need to strengthen general healthcare provision for trans populations. Conclusion: The study concludes that mental health care for transgender and travesti individuals continues to face substantial barriers, including institutional prejudice and restricted access to appropriate services. There is an urgent need for trans-inclusive practices across all levels of the public health system—not limited to specialized services. The findings underscore the importance of evaluating and reinforcing public policies aimed at this population, ensuring the affirmation of gender identity and the provision of comprehensive, non-discriminatory care. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-01-29T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37277 Título: Análise das principais causas evitáveis de cancelamento cirúrgico visando a construção de ferramentas de gestão Autor(es): França, Sandra Martins de Orientador: Gomes, Luciano Bezerra Abstract: Introduction: This study examined the avoidable causes of surgical cancellations at the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital (HULW), highlighting the administrative, financial, and social impacts of absenteeism and suspensions. These events lead to losses for both patients and healthcare institutions by increasing rescheduling demands and wasting resources. Objective: To investigate the causes of elective surgical cancellations, propose improvements in hospital processes, reduce cancellation rates, and optimize resources. Materials and Methods: A mixed-methods (quantitative and qualitative) study was conducted using data from 2016 to 2023 from HULW records. Analyses included absolute and relative frequencies, performed using Excel and R software to evaluate statistics and temporal trends. Data were categorized into assistive, administrative, structural, social, and other event-related factors. Results: Among 31,728 scheduled surgeries, 11.78% were canceled. The main causes included unjustified patient absence (51.63%), lack of material (34.30%), and inadequate clinical conditions (33.91%). Specialties with the highest suspension rates were gynecology (17.85%) and general surgery (15.10%). The analysis revealed gaps in preoperative communication, insufficient resources, and logistical challenges. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant decrease in scheduling and an increase in rescheduling complexity. Conclusion: Surgical cancellations reflect multifactorial issues that can be mitigated through integrated management strategies, infrastructure improvements, and greater patient engagement. The study suggests interventions such as staff training, enhanced patient communication, and revised hospital protocols. Reducing cancellation rates directly benefits hospital productivity and the quality of care. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-01-21T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37214 Título: Educação popular em saúde e Covid-19: análise de experiências para o enfrentamento da pandemia na cidade de João Pessoa-PB Autor(es): Rodrigues, José Augusto de Sousa Orientador: Cruz, Pedro José Santos Carneiro Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Popular education is the practical theoretical movement, building structured knowledge based on man's contact with the world and work, which contributes to the construction of critical consciousness among the popular classes. The relevance of popular education and its experiences in the field of health in confronting social inequalities and the search for autonomy of the popular classes in recent decades is undeniable. Currently, with the occurrence of COVID-19, atypical problems are observed in addition to the disease, such as the great structural vulnerability that different communities experience, which show us the importance of collaborative actions, social networks and solidarity so that we can survive collectively. OBJECTIVE: To analyze Popular Health Education experiences developed within the scope of PHC in the city of João Pessoa-PB to combat COVID-19. METHOD: This is a descriptive and exploratory field research with a qualitative approach that was carried out with ten protagonists of popular health education experiences developed within the scope of primary care to help communities face the COVID-19 pandemic . The production of research data was carried out through semi-structured interviews guided by a questionnaire. The interviews were carried out using the Google Meet platform and recorded to later be transcribed and analyzed by the researcher. The material relating to the research results was analyzed from the perspective of hermeneutic- dialectic analysis founded by Minayo. The research was carried out in accordance with the ethical principles of Resolution 466/2012 of the National Health Council and was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Center for Medical Sciences –CCM of the Federal University of Paraíba-UFPB, under number CAAE 40491120.5. 0000.8069 and opinion number 4,452,938. RESULTS: The research results present the development of several experiences aimed at combating the COVID-19 pandemic, such as campaigns to collect masks, groups Integrative and complementary health practices carried out virtually, online working groups to assist combating COVID-19, the “SUS na Rua” movement that brought the experiences of ACS's and other PHC workers, the experience of popular health agents, in addition to movements that focused their actions on collecting and distributing food in the most needy communities and construction of community kitchens. All actions were guided by the principles and bases of popular health education, mainly initiated by social movements, primary health care professionals and extension projects at the Federal University of Paraíba. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: There has been a strong increase in solidarity campaigns, mainly within needy communities in the city of João Pessoa. These initiatives became the main alternative to combat the hunger that was spreading in these locations. In addition, the prevention and health promotion strategies organized together with health professionals and community social movements to combat COVID-19 also stand out. These strategies were organized mainly aiming at prevention, as well as to spread knowledge to the community in a dialogical way, and deconstructing false information that is disseminated daily in the media. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2022-01-31T00:00:00Z