https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/3744 2026-04-05T21:14:46Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/35572 Título: Interação adjuvantes e ecologia comportamental computadorizada de Marava Arachidis (Dermaptera: Labiidae) Autor(es): Silva, Taiane Gomes Feliciano da Orientador: Batista, Jacinto de Luna Abstract: Biological control has been a highly demanded method by the rural producer community in Latin America for the management of pests of great economic importance. The use of adjuvant compounds is essential for optimizing the application of pesticides. Bearing in mind that the essential principle of integrated management is the use of compatible strategies, it is essential to conduct studies that demonstrate the compatibility of chemical molecules such as adjuvants with biological control, although such knowledge is still considered incipient. For cotton cultivation, among the natural enemies for the control of Anthonomus grandis Boheman, 1843 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the species Marava arachidis (Yersin, 1860) (Dermaptera: Labiidae) has a prominent status due to its voracity. Therefore, the present study had the following objectives (i) characterization of the predatory capacity of M. arachidis using 3º instar larvae of A. grandis as prey; (ii) highlight the impact of Redobro® and Ranger® adjuvants on the functional response of M. arachidis using A. grandis larvae and (iii) analyze the computerized behavioral ecology of this predator. The experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions. To characterize the functional response, predators were exposed to the following densities of prey per predator: 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 larvae per 90x15mm Petri dish, with 10 replications at each density. To evaluate the impact of adjuvants and functional response, the treatments used were: distilled H₂O and the adjuvants Redobro® (commercial dose= 3ml/L) and Ranger® (commercial dose= 3ml/L), adopting the same densities as in the previous study. Computerized behavioral variables were quantified to verify sublethal effects of the products on the ethology of M. arachidis. The data were modeled with nonlinear regression and survival analysis. The results showed that M. arachidis is an excellent predator of A. grandis larvae, with a type II functional response; however, when exposed to the Ranger® adjuvant, the survival and predatory behavior of M. arachidis was altered. Furthermore, the locomotion pattern of M. arachidis females was altered, expressing a lower frequency of rest and continuous mobility. Therefore, the results of the present study highlight the high predatory capacity of M. arachidis. On the other hand, the use of the Ranger® adjuvant must be adopted in a considered manner due to its impact on the survival and pattern of predation behavior of M. arachidis. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2023-10-23T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/35566 Título: Biorreguladores na mitigação do estresse hidrico e no perfil de óleos essenciais em coentro-maranhão Autor(es): Santos, Sabrina Kelly dos Orientador: Batista, Diego Silva Abstract: Aiming to evaluate the action of bioregulators on the morphophysiology and profile of essential oils in Eryngium foetidum plants, four experiments were conducted. In the first, two concentrations of carnitine were applied in culantro plants (100 µM and 10 mM), and after 72 days, analyzes of growth, photosynthetic content, gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll a fluorescence were measured. In the second experiment, 100 µM of carnitine was applied in culantro plants under different water conditions: well-watered, drought and re-watered. In the third experiment, 100 µM of ascorbic acid was applied in culantro plants under drought. In the fourth experiment, 100 µM of salicylic acid was applied in the plants, also in different water conditions (well-watered, drought and re-watered). After 100 days, morphological, physiological and essential oil profile analyzes were performed. 100 µM of carnitine increased growth of culantro plants under non-stressful conditions and 10 mM did not alter growth. Water conditions and application 100 µM of carnitine changed the essential oil profile of the culantro plants. Eryngial production was increased in drought as well as in re-watered with the application of carnitine, and hydroquinone was produced only in the combination of re-watering and carnitine. Ascorbic acid, under non-stress conditions, restored pigment concentration, and drought conditions, it modulated qualitatively the essential oil profile, with dodecenal being the compound that most contributed to this profile separation. Salicylic acid application did not mitigate the effects of drought, but under well-irrigated and re-irrigated conditions increased leaf area and photosynthetic pigments. Furthermore, the exogenous application of salicylic acid in drought modulated the profile of essential oils. These results in culantro can serve as a basis for other studies about use the bioregulators carnitine, ascorbic acid and salicylic acid in culantro plants, in addition to providing information on the relation between different water conditions and bioregulators, providing new perspectives to explore production the compounds of industrial and economic interest. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese 2024-07-23T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/35564 Título: Utilização de torta de filtro em cana-soca nos tabuleiros costeiros da Paraíba Autor(es): Farias, Milene de Lima Orientador: Mielezrski, Fabio Abstract: The use of sugarcane in its entirety is a primordial factor for the sustainability of the production process of the sugar-alcohol complex. The large volumes of waste generated (such as filter cake) can be reused as a source of nutrients, reducing environmental contamination and spending on mineral fertilizer. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the response of fertilization with filter cake on the productivity of ratoon cane in the Coastal Tablelands of Paraíba. The experiment was conducted at Usina Monte Alegre S/A, Mamanguape - PB in the period 2021/2022 and the experimental design was in randomized blocks, with 12 treatments (T1 – Pie, T2 – Pie + Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP), T3 – Pie + Agricultural Gypsum, T4 – Pie + Natural Phosphate, T5 – Pie + Sugarcane Bagasse, T6 – Pie + MAP + Agricultural Gypsum, T7 – Pie + MAP + Natural Phosphate, T8 – Pie + MAP + Sugarcane Bagasse, T9 – Pie + Agricultural gypsum + Natural phosphate, T10 – Pie + Agricultural gypsum + Sugarcane bagasse, T11 – Pie + Natural phosphate + Sugarcane bagasse, T12 – Control (only MAP)), with four replications, totaling 48 plots. The commercial cultivar RB 041443 was used, planted semi mechanized, with conventional soil preparation, in alternating double spacing of 1.6 x 0.8 m. The performance of ratoon cane was evaluated in terms of growth and productivity. A significant effect was verified at 5% probability for the variables plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter and number of tillers up to 180 days after cutting. Also, a significant effect was observed for the variable number of internodes at 240 days after cutting. Likewise, there was also a significant effect at 5% probability by the Scott-Knott test for the TCH variable, with the best results obtained in treatments T2, T4, T7, T8, T10, T11 and T12 with yields greater than 130 t ha-1. The results show that the fertilizations with filter cake enriched with organic and mineral fertilizers influenced the vegetative variables and the productivity of the first ratoon. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2023-02-24T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/35544 Título: Identificação, comportamento e multiplicação de himenópteros parasitoides de Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) nas culturas do algodoeiro e gergelim Autor(es): Morais, Marília de Macêdo Duarte Orientador: Brito, Carlos Henrique de Abstract: Cotton and sesame are plant species of great agricultural importance, being cultivated in several countries around the world, playing an essential role in the global economy, including Brazil. These plant species are attacked by various insect pests, which can cause severe damage if control measures are not adopted. Among these pests, the scale insect Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) deserves special mention. Controlling this insect is made difficult not only by the waxy layer that covers its body, but also by its behavior of colonizing areas of the plant that are difficult for the insecticide spray to reach. This has encouraged the use of biological control instead of chemical control. The objective of this work was to identify, study the behavior and multiplication methods of these parasitoids in nymphs and females of P. solenopsis in cotton and sesame. The occurrence of Aenasius sp. was evaluated, as well as the characterization of P. solenopsis nymphs mummified by this parasitoid collected on cotton plants. In addition, the parasitism of P. solenopsis, reared on cotton and sesame, by Aenasius sp., Aprostocetus sp. and Cheiloneurus sp. was evaluated, and a methodology for rearing Aenasius sp. in the laboratory on P. solenopsis nymphs and females reared in a greenhouse was developed. Chapter II evaluates which parasitoids parasitize nymphs and females of P. solenpsis when it has cotton or sesame as its host, and Chapter III presents a methodology for rearing Aenasius sp. in the laboratory. Mummified nymphs of P. solenopsis presented coloration ranging from ochre-brown to olive-brown and the emerged parasitoid was identified as Aenasius sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). The specimens of parasitoids emerged from P. solenopsis mummified in cotton and sesame plants were identified as Aenasius sp., Aprostocetus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and Cheiloneurus sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) with similar parasitism among hosts fed on these plants, but with greater emergence of the first parasitoid from both plant species. Finally, the rearing methodology developed here is efficient and the Aenasius sp. rearing system developed in this study makes it possible to obtain 6,271.37 parasitized scale insects and 2,719.01 emerged parasitoids during a period of 15 days after the exposure, respectively, of 15,207 scale insects to the parasitism of ̴ 1,521 pregnant females of the parasitoid. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese 2024-12-19T00:00:00Z