https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/4157 PPGCN 2026-04-07T13:41:11Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37684 Título: Efeito do suco de beterraba na magnitude e duração da resposta pressórica pós-exercicio em mulheres hipertensas Autor(es): Anjos, Carla Nunes dos Orientador: Silva, Alexandre Sérgio Abstract: In recent years, beetroot has gained notoriety for its ability to promote blood pressure reduction in the first hours after ingestion, a temporal behavior similar to post-exercise hypotension. In this context, the general objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ingestion of beetroot juice after an exercise session on the magnitude and duration of the pressure response in hypertensive women. This is a clinical, randomized, controlled, double-blind and crossover study, carried out with 14 hypertensive women aged 40 to 60 years, who participated in three procedures: 1) ingestion of beetroot juice 2 hours after exercise (SBE), 2) ingestion of fruit drink 2 hours after exercise (RFE) and 3) control without exercise and drink (CON). An anthropometric assessment was performed on the participants first visit to the laboratory. Clinical blood pressure was measured before, immediately after exercise and every 10 minutes during the post-exercise recovery period or rest. Ambulatory blood pressure was measured using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Nitrite, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde analyzes were performed. Two-way ANOVA for repeated measures was performed to verify differences between protocols. A significance level of p<0.05 was adopted. As participants were overweight, in addition to the influence of high waist. Beetroot juice significantly increased plasma nitrite concentrations between baseline and 2 hours after ingestion of the juice (33.4 ± 32.5 μM to 47.0 ± 36.0 μM; p=0.013). Both SBE and RFE procedures promoted hypotension in clinical monitoring at 60 minutes post-exercise, with a reduction in systolic pressure from 10 minutes post-exercise (p<0.05), while diastolic pressure occurred at 20 minutes (p<0 .05) in relation to rest (interaction time), but with no difference between the two protocols with exercise (p>0.05). Significant reductions in ambulatory systolic pressure were observed for 17 hours post-exercise and 16 hours in diastolic pressure in SBE, while in RFE this hypotension was only noticed between 6 and 15 hours for systolic and 13 and 16 hours for diastolic compared to rest (p<0.05). Beetroot juice maintained lower blood pressure compared to the pre-exercise condition for a longer time, however, in the time x procedure interaction analysis, no significant differences were observed between the three procedures (p>0.05). No significant differences were observed in total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde after ingestion of beverages in the SBE and RFE procedures (p>0.05). Thus, this study confirms previous data that an exercise session promotes post-exercise hypotension, but the association with beetroot juice did not improve this pressure response, however, it showed a consistent effect by maintaining pressure reductions for a longer time than the procedure with fruit drink. fruit. On the other hand, beetroot did not improve the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2023-03-24T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37297 Título: Efeitos de um nutracêutico (Limosilactobacillus fermentum (139, 263, 296) e casca de jabuticaba) na microbiota intestinal e tratamento do diabetes mellitus gestacional em ratas Wistar e sua atividade na saúde cardiometabólica da prole Autor(es): Lemos, Deborah Emanuelle de Albuquerque Orientador: Alves, José Luiz de Brito Abstract: Changes in the gut microbiota can influence the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which is associated with systemic disorders such as increased glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, hormonal imbalances and increased inflammation. The combined use of probiotics and prebiotics can promote improvements in parameters associated with GDM. With this in mind, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of treatment with a nutraceutical composed of lyophilized strains of Limosilactobacillus fermentum(139, 263 and 296) and jaboticaba peel on the gut microbiota and the treatment of GDM, and its activity on the cardiometabolic health of offspring. This is a preclinical study in which 36 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: CTL(control, n = 12), GDM(gestational diabetes + vehicle, n = 12) and GDM+Nut(gestational diabetes + nutraceutical, n = 12). Rats in the GDM and GDM+Nut groups were fed a high-fat diet in combination with a 20% sucrose solution, and a single dose of streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) was administered on day 0 of gestation. Rats in the GDM and GDM+Nut groups were treated daily by oral gavage with phosphate-buffered saline vehicle (1ml) and nutraceuticals (2g/kg), respectively, until the end of gestation. Food consumption, gestational weight gain, oral glucose tolerance test and maternal biochemical tests were assessed. Offspring were randomly assigned to 8 females and 8 males per group: OCTL (CTL group offspring), OGDM (GDM group offspring) and OGDM+Nut (GDM+Nut group offspring). The offspring were measured and weighed from the beginning to the end of the experiment, and were also tested for glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, blood pressure, heart rate and autonomic function. The results of this study showed that the GDM group had glucose intolerance. However, administration of the nutraceutical formulation was able to reduce glucose intolerance and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. Administration of the nutraceutical formulation increased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio and beta diversity, but did not alter alpha diversity indices compared to the GDM group. An increase in bacteria producing short chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, was observed, such as Mediterraneibacter, Anaerostipes and Flavonifractor. Evaluating the effects of maternal administration of the nutraceutical formulation on the offspring, there was an increase in birth weight and length parameters. During weaning and puberty, the female offspring of the GDM+Nut group showed an increase in length and weight compared to the offspring of the other groups. The offspring of rats treated with the nutraceutical formulation showed no improvement in glucose tolerance compared with the offspring of GDM rats. Meanwhile, the offspring of gestational diabetes rats showed an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, with increases in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure, as well as autonomic nervous system dysfunction. However, maternal consumption of the nutraceutical during pregnancy significantly reduced these parameters in the offspring and consequently the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-02-27T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37196 Título: Bioacessibilidade de compostos bioativos em biomassas de microalgas dulcícolas para aplicação em alimentos Autor(es): Santos, Renally Lima dos Orientador: Magnani, Marciane Abstract: Microalgae are microscopic organisms, usually unicellular, which carry out photosynthesis, converting solar energy into chemicals. Among them, dulcicolous species stand out, which have various bioactive compounds including amino acids, fatty acids, phenolic compounds and pigments. These compounds can exert different biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, antimicrobial and antioxidant. However, for bioactive compounds to exert their activity in the human body, they must be bioaccessible. Bioaccessibility refers to the fraction of a nutrient or bioactive compound present in a food that is released from the food matrix during the digestion process and thus becomes available for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Determining bioaccessibility is fundamental to establishing the possible beneficial effects of a food. Studies on the bioaccessibility of freshwater microalgae are still scarce in the literature. This study determined the profile of amino acids, fatty acids and phenolic compounds present in the biomass of freshwater microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina platensis, Scenedesmus acuminatus, Desmodesmus maximus and Tetraselmis sp.) and the bioaccessibility of these compounds after in vitro digestion. The antioxidant, antidiabetic and antihypertensive activity of the fractions intestinal obtained after in vitro digestion was also evaluated. The results obtained indicate that the biomasses of the microalgae studied have essential amino acids in their composition, with threonine, phenylalanine and lysine predominating before digestion. The bioaccessibility of the amino acids identified in the microalgae studied ranged from 25 to 257%. Saturated (palmitic, myristic and stearic), monounsaturated (palmitoleic and oleic) and polyunsaturated (linoleic and linolenic) fatty acids were also found, with a higher concentration in S. platenses. The bioaccessibility of fatty acids was over 70% in Tetraselmis sp, with the presence of essential fatty acids (omega 9), (omega 6) and (omega 3) standing out. The microalgae biomass also showed high concentrations of phenolic compounds before digestion, but the bioaccessibility values were less than 20%. The intestinal fractions of the microalgae evaluated showed excellent results for antidiabetic activity (20-96%), with Tetraselmis sp standing out, as well as for antihypertensive activity (13-53%). They also showed high antioxidant activity (1313-1821 μM eq Trolox/g), with D. maximus standing out, followed by Tetraselmis sp. The study demonstrated the rich nutritional composition of microalgae and highlighted D. maximus and Tetraselmis sp. (p < 0.05), which showed a higher amount of bioactive compounds compared to the other microalgae analyzed in this study. The results obtained demonstrate the functional potential of the microalgae biomassstudied, reinforcing the viability of its use in the preparation of high value-added foods, favoring the production and marketing of these products. This could help to meet the growing interest and demand from consumers for foods that appeal to their health and functionality. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-02-27T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/36956 Título: Consumo alimentar segundo a classificação nova e sua relação com sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em mulheres Autor(es): Xavier, Daniel Emiliano de Farias Orientador: Martins, Vinicius José Baccin Abstract: Depression, anxiety and stress are highly prevalent mental disorders worldwide, and food consumption may be altered in individuals with these conditions. The degree of food processing has been linked to mental health disorders, contributing negatively or positively to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the association between food consumption, NOVA classification and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in women from João Pessoa. The study had a cross-sectional design and was conducted with 96 women, aged between 18 and 59, without psychiatric illnesses, stratified according to the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire into two groups: control (n = 62) or with depressive symptoms (n = 34). Socioeconomic, anthropometric and food consumption assessments were carried out using two 24-hour food recalls classified according to NOVA. Depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress were measured using the DASS-21 questionnaire. The chi-square test, Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney test, and multiple regression and partial correlation adjusted for BMI were applied. Anthropometric parameters did not differ between the groups. Women with depressive symptoms consumed fewer calories (p = 0.006), carbohydrates (p = 0.014), proteins (p = 0.036) and lipids (p = 0.011) from unprocessed and minimally processed foods (UMPF) compared to control women. A negative correlation was found between dietary energy intake from UMPF and symptoms of depression (r = -0.337; p = 0.001), anxiety (r = -0.262; p = 0.014) and stress (r = -0.260; p = 0.014), as well as a positive correlation between energy intake from ultra-processed foods (UPF) and symptoms of depression (r = 0.218; p = 0.042) and stress (r = 0.227; p = 0.034). Regression analysis showed that depressive symptoms were responsible for 7.6% of the lower energy consumption of UMPF. Women with depressive symptoms had lower consumption of UMPF, and this was negatively correlated with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Professional dietary counseling can improve the health status of these patients. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-02-28T00:00:00Z