https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/5444 PPGO 2026-04-08T17:27:26Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37782 Título: Cárie dentária, perda dentária e qualidade de vida de indivíduos expostos a fatores de risco social no nordeste do Brasil Autor(es): Albuquerque, Luísa Simões de Orientador: Sampaio, Fábio Correia Abstract: To estimate the prevalence of dental caries (DMFT) and tooth loss in individuals exposed to social risk factors in Northeastern Brazil and to evaluate the relative association of these parameters with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This is a population-based cross-sectional study carried out in an urban area of 28 municipalities, with a final sample of 3,063 participants. The conduct and reporting of this cross-sectional population-based study is consistent with STROBE guidelines. The target age groups were: 12 years (n = 194), 15-19 years (n = 817), 35-44 years (n = 1,302), and 65-74 years (n = 750). A questionnaire containing questions about socioeconomic and behavioral conditions and self-perception of oral health (OHIP-14) was used. Dental examinations (DMFT) were performed by calibrated dentists under indirect daylight during home visits and after supervised brushing. Study data were tabulated and analyzed using the SPSS v.22 program, considering a significance level of 5%. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was performed to verify the normality of the data. In order to evaluate the means, standard deviations and intervals, descriptive analyzes of the individual and total scores of the OHIP-14 domains were performed. Individual domains and total OHIP-14 scores with dental caries, tooth loss, and socioeconomic/demographic factors in the sample were subjected to a Poisson regression analysis with robust variance. Mean DMFT (SD) values were 2.68 (4.01), 4.84 (4.30), 15.35 (7.26) and 26.72 (8.03) for 12, 15-19 , 35-44 and 65-74 years of age, respectively. Seventy percent of individuals were partially edentulous and total edentulism affected 13% of this population. The average of the CPOD and tooth loss increased significantly with age and with impacts on HRQoL. Physical pain (5.8%) and psychological discomfort (5.8%) were the dimensions of the OHIP-14 that occurred most frequently. The adjusted multivariate model showed a significant negative impact on quality of life related to the prevalence of untreated caries (RR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.37-1.72), edentulism prevalence (RR = 1.29; 95% = 1.08-1.53) and need for prosthesis (RR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.90-0.97). Socioeconomic/demographic characteristics such as income, education, sex, age, oral hygiene habits also resulted in a negative impact on quality of life. With the exception of the age group of 12 years, there is a high prevalence of dental caries and edentulism in the individuals in this study. It was concluded that the dental condition results in a negative impact on the quality of life of individuals, especially in the elderly age group. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2021-12-15T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37394 Título: Desenvolvimento e implementação de um programa de telemonitoramento odontológico para pacientes oncológicos pediátricos Autor(es): Bezerra, Paula Maria Maracajá Orientador: Sousa, Simone Alves de Abstract: Antineoplastic therapies often present toxicity to the oral mucosa, particularly in children and adolescents, due to the high mitotic index characteristic of this age group. Oral health monitoring is crucial for the early diagnosis and treatment of oral comorbidities in these patients. However, the physical distance between patients and healthcare professionals during periods when patients are not attending therapeutic centers can hinder the continuity of care. In this context, telemonitoring emerges as a promising strategy to ensure continuous care and proper monitoring of these patients' oral conditions. This thesis aimed to develop and implement a Pediatric Dentistry Telemonitoring application for an Oncology service – TON. Two methodological stages were outlined to achieve this: mobile application development and implementation analysis, resulting in three outputs: a technical product (application) and three scientific articles. The application was developed using a Design Thinking approach comprising three stages: immersion, ideation, and prototyping. During the immersion stage, a panel of experts was assembled to identify key gaps in face-to-face dental care for pediatric oncology patients and to investigate the target audience's profile for the application. In the ideation stage, four main remote solutions were proposed: remote examination, oral hygiene diary, health education, and instant messaging. These solutions were operationalized in the prototyping stage through a simplified navigation flow and a visual identity designed to build user trust. The implementation process of TON was evaluated using the RE-AIM framework, focusing on effectiveness (E) and adoption (A). Effectiveness was assessed through a diagnostic accuracy study comparing remote oral mucosa examinations conducted via TON by three evaluators with in-person clinical examinations (diagnostic gold standard) for outcomes of oral mucositis (OM) and severe oral mucositis (SOM). The study's sample units were oral mucosa site examinations (n=120). Accuracy parameters and the Kappa coefficient were calculated for each outcome (α=5%). Remote mucosa examinations showed satisfactory accuracy for diagnosing SOM across all three evaluators: 100% sensitivity, specificity above 92.3%, and accuracy ranging from 92.5% to 97.5%. For OM detection, test performance was lower: sensitivity between 25% and 45%, specificity between 85% and 98%, and accuracy between 78% and 85.8%. Overall performance of remote examinations, combining results from the three evaluators and consolidating OM and SOM into a single clinical outcome, demonstrated limited discriminatory capacity, with an AUC of 0.60, accuracy of 82.7%, sensitivity of 36.6%, and specificity of 92%. Adoption of the intervention at the collective level was assessed through usability analysis of the application. This was conducted using a mixed-methods study with a convergent parallel approach, assigning equal weight to the quantitative phase, which employed the System Usability Scale (SUS), and the qualitative phase, which utilized a semi-structured interview guide. Data collection for the qualitative phase continued until theoretical saturation (n=14), while the quantitative phase used a non-probabilistic convenience sample (n=20). Data analysis integrated inferential statistics, including correlation tests and the Mann-Whitney U test (α=5%), alongside Bardin’s content analysis technique. Regarding intervention adoption, the average usability score for TON was 86.6 (±10.4). Analysis of 14 interviews revealed that users acknowledged TON's utility, highlighting its user-friendly interface, professional support, and data security as key facilitators. However, technical issues, caregivers' exhaustive routines, and children's lack of cooperation during examinations were identified as barriers. Suggested improvements included notifications, gamification, and video call integration. The TON application represents a significant advancement in pediatric oncology dental care, offering a feasible and well-accepted solution for the target population. It demonstrates potential for assisting in the identification of oral mucosa changes, particularly SOM lesions, in children and adolescents undergoing cancer treatment. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese 2024-12-18T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37368 Título: Análise antifúngica do cinamaldeído após inclusão com 2-hidroxipropril-β-ciclodextrina submetidos a estabilidade acelerada Autor(es): Viana, Beatriz Barros Orientador: Batista, André Ulisses Dantas Abstract: The inherent characteristics of acrylic resin, a material commonly used for the fabrication of prostheses, along with the indiscriminate use of therapeutic drugs, favor the proliferation of opportunistic infections such as oral candidiasis. However, due to the antimicrobial resistance observed in recent years and the challenges in developing new antifungal agents, the use of synthetic products with antimicrobial activity, such as cinnamaldehyde, has become necessary. Because of its low bioavailability, instability, and sensitivity to light, moisture, and high temperatures, it is feasible to encapsulate cinnamaldehyde to improve its stability and ensure long-term release through inclusion with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of cinnamaldehyde in comparison with its inclusion complex with HP-β-CD, at different time points after accelerated stability testing. Initially, cinnamaldehyde emulsion solutions at 27 μg/mL were prepared, following previous studies, along with the inclusion complex of cinnamaldehyde (24 μL) + HP-β-CD. After solution preparation, a pilot study was conducted to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), which established the concentration of cyclodextrin to be used. Subsequently, analyses were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), stability testing, and biofilm adhesion inhibition assays against Candida albicans and C. glabrata, evaluating initial time (T0), 30 days (T30), and 60 days (T60) under different temperature conditions. Data were tabulated and analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, which confirmed normal distribution, followed by ANOVA. FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of the inclusion complex and the molecular interaction between cinnamaldehyde and HP-β-CD. Regarding the biofilm adhesion inhibition test, at T0, cinnamaldehyde and the cinnamaldehyde–cyclodextrin complex showed similar antifungal activity at all concentrations, significantly reducing fungal growth when compared with the gold standard (nystatin). After 30 days, freeze–thaw cycles maintained the antimicrobial activity of both substances, while storage at 4°C promoted fungal growth reduction at all concentrations. At room temperature (25°C), significant inhibition was observed from MIC×4, whereas at higher temperatures (40°C), inhibition occurred from MIC×2 for cinnamaldehyde and MIC×4 for the cinnamaldehyde–cyclodextrin complex. After 60 days, only higher concentrations maintained activity, with superior performance of the complex at MIC×8 at 25°C and 40°C, while cinnamaldehyde alone required MIC×10. Therefore, cinnamaldehyde complexation proved advantageous by preserving antifungal activity and reducing the deleterious environmental effects on its volatile capacity. This suggests it as a promising alternative for new therapeutic formulations of denture cleaning products, with potential to contribute to the prevention of oral candidiasis. Further studies are needed to assess clinical applicability and presentation forms of such products, seeking alternatives more stable than liquid solutions, capable of preserving antifungal activity in the long term while providing practicality in use. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-08-29T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37267 Título: Influência dos modeladores de resina sobre a propriedade superficial de uma resina composta Autor(es): Carvalho, Jéssica Bonifácio de Orientador: Sarmento, Hugo Ramalho Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the influence of resin modeling agents on the surface roughness and microhardness of a composite resin. The null hypothesis tested was that the type of modeling agent does not affect the surface roughness and microhardness of the composite. After sample size calculation, 84 specimens (SP) were prepared, considering the modeling agents used (n=14): GC (control group, no modeling agent); A70 (70% alcohol); PB (Power Block® glycerin gel, Maquira, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil); SBMP (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose® adhesive, 3M Solventum, Sumaré, São Paulo, Brazil, bond only); SB (Single Bond 2® adhesive, 3M Solventum, Sumaré, São Paulo, Brazil); RM (Composite Wetting Resin® modeling resin, Ultradent, Indaiatuba, São Paulo, Brazil). Subsequently, the SP were identified and stored in amber flasks containing distilled water (37°C, for 24 h). Surface polishing of the SP was performed using the Sof-gloss® polyester disk sequence (American Burrs, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil). The specimens were then analyzed in an optical profilometer (Taylor Hobson, CCI MP, Leicester, England) to measure surface roughness (Ra, μm). For microhardness evaluation, a microhardness tester (HMV, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) equipped with a Vickers diamond indenter was used, applying a load of 200 g for 15 seconds. For each SP, readings were performed in triplicate for both tests, and the mean values were used for statistical analysis. The results of the roughness and microhardness tests were statistically evaluated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA; p<0.05). Tukey’s test was applied for the microhardness data (p<0.05). The mean surface roughness values (Ra, μm) of each group were: GC: 0.29; A70: 0.40; PB: 0.34; SBMP: 0.36; SB: 0.28; RM: 0.44. ANOVA indicated no statistically significant differences in surface roughness between the experimental groups and GC. The mean microhardness values (kg/mm²) of each group were: GC: 156.9; A70: 120.8; PB: 156; SBMP: 30.7; SB: 127.3; RM: 73.3 (Tukey; p<0.05), with A70, SBMP, SB, and RM showing lower hardness compared to CG. We observed that the modeling agents evaluated in this in vitro study did not differ in their potential to provide adequate surface roughness. However, glycerin was the only modeling agent used that did not reduce hardness, similar to the control group. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-08-28T00:00:00Z