https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/7670 PPGDH 2026-07-21T13:20:08Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38352 Título: "Como se fosse da família": a realidade do emprego doméstico em João Pessoa Autor(es): Mendonça, Michele Silvério Orientador: Muniz, Iranice Gonçalves Abstract: The research aims to analyze the reality of domestic employment in João Pessoa from the perspective of the sexual division of labor. It aims to understand the labor and sociological aspects of domestic workers, including double shifts and the role of caregiving in their families and in the homes where they work. It also highlights the devaluation, precariousness, and invisibility of domestic work in Brazil. Domestic work in Brazil is rooted in the country's history, and understanding this employment relationship allows us to understand some nuances of gender inequality in the labor market, given that domestic employment has its origins in slavery and fosters the sexual division of labor, including a racial bias. Women have limited space in the labor market and are often assigned to domestic work, whether paid or unpaid. Caregiving, more prevalent in the post-pandemic period, reinforces gender stereotypes. Domestic employment is only possible in societies where profound social inequality exists. Thus, the average family income of the middle classes must necessarily be much higher than the average income of domestic workers for it to be possible or reasonable to hire someone for such tasks. It turns out that in societies with greater equity in income distribution, domestic work is more highly valued, hence the discussion of domestic workers and their unviability. Given these approaches, the research question is: What are the lasting marks of slavery that resonate in domestic work for Black women? What is the impact of the sexual division of labor on the lives of domestic workers? What are the working conditions of domestic workers? To answer these questions, a qualitative and quantitative study was conducted, accompanied by a literature review and field research, duly approved by the ethics committee. This study is characterized by a mixed-method research approach. The data collection instrument chosen was semi-structured interviews. For data analysis and interpretation, thematic categorical content analysis was chosen as one of the methods of data processing. The initial interviews conducted already demonstrate a direct relationship between gender, race, education, the subordination of women and domestic work as the only option for subsistence. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-10-07T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38088 Título: "Meu medo mesmo é de menstruar na escola? : violações de direitos humanos contra adolescentes em decorrência da pobreza menstrual na cidade de João Pessoa-PB" Autor(es): Sousa, Mariana Lima de Orientador: Tannuss, Rebecka Wanderley Abstract: Menstrual poverty refers to the lack of access to menstrual hygiene products, running water, basic sanitation, medication, and information about one's own body. Combined with the unavailability of menstrual containment items, this condition leads menstruating individuals to use improvised alternatives, which may result in urinary tract infections and even life-threatening complications. It affects girls, women, trans men, and non-binary people, and because the topic is historically surrounded by taboos and stigma, there is a scarcity of data and public debate, whose most immediate impact is school absenteeism, severely compromising educational trajectories. This study aims to analyze human rights violetonas arising from menstrual poverty within the educational context of João Pessoa, Brazil, focusing on students enrolled in the 6th to 9th grades. This exploratory and qualitative research was conducted through fieldwork involving questionnaires and discussion circles with 21 menstruating participants. The main findings reveal that most participants are Black or Brown individuals from low-income backgrounds who spend much of their school years menstruating; that absenteeism is the most frequent consequence, with participants missing more than 50 school days per year, generating a perceived academic lag compared to boys; that shame is the most prevalent feeling, accompanied by persistent menstrual stigmas; that bullying directly affects their well-being; and that there is a curricular and institutional gap in addressing the topic, reflected in the absence of school activities and lack of teacher preparation, which hinder adequate support and limit anti-bullying actions essential for ensuring access and school retention. The study concludes that there is still a long path ahead in combating menstrual poverty in educational settings, highlighting the need for teacher training, improvements in school infrastructure, and the incorporation of a curriculum grounded in education in and for Human Rights as essential strategies for building a more just and equitable society. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-10-24T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38052 Título: Aprisionamento cautelar por crimes de drogas e direitos humanos: uma análise de decisões judiciais em Habeas Corpus na capital paraibana Autor(es): Leite, Luís Erirrane Batista Orientador: Garcia, Renata Monteiro Abstract: In 2025, the state of Paraíba recorded a rate of 31.81% of individuals deprived of liberty in pretrial detention, a percentage higher than the national average (BRASIL, 2025). These individuals await the progression of their criminal proceedings while incarcerated, despite being constitutionally presumed innocent. In this context, drug trafficking stands as the main criminal charge leading to the imposition of preventive custody (CNJ, 2017). Nevertheless, public data on pretrial incarceration remain scarce and often outdated. This informational gap reflects the limited willingness of the Judiciary to develop policies aimed at managing, identifying, and reducing the pretrial prison population. Such lack of initiative reveals an institutional perception that tends to treat these individuals as disposable, reducing their condition to mere figures within the penal system. Guided by critical criminology, this study analyzed 61 habeas corpus judgments selected from 373 decisions issued by the Court of Justice of Paraíba between 2021 and 2024, employing thematic categorization of qualitative data as its analytical technique (Dias & Mishima, 2023). The results indicate a markedly denial- oriented trend, with more than 90% of requests rejected both in preliminary injunctions and on the merits. The repeated use of public order as the primary justification was observed even in cases involving small quantities of drugs and first-time offenders. The decisions frequently relied on generic reasoning, lacked individualized analysis of conduct, and emphasized the abstract gravity of the offense. The findings also show that most arrests originated from police flagrante delicto conducted by the Military Police, with no reference to prior investigations, and that judgments by the Criminal Chamber were, as a rule, unanimous. These elements reveal the reproduction, within the judicial sphere of Paraíba, of mechanisms that legitimize precautionary imprisonment associated with drug policy. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-10-27T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38035 Título: O reconhecimento jurídico das mulheres trans: abordagem, violência e direitos humanos no sistema judiciário Autor(es): Zaidan, Milly Lilian Resende Orientador: Rabay, Glória de Lourdes Freire Abstract: The denial of full recognition of the gender identity of transgender women within the judicial and police spheres constitutes a form of symbolic and institutional violence. To discuss this issue, this work uses as a reference the case study of a transgender woman who was a victim of domestic violence perpetrated by her partner, whose gender identity and social name were disregarded in the police investigation report. The refusal to validate gender identity, especially through the non-use of the social name, reinforces institutional practices that, although appearing legally legitimate, reproduce inequalities and power hierarchies, compromising access to justice and violating international commitments undertaken by the Brazilian State. Although the Domestic Violence Court granted a protective measure based on the Maria da Penha Law, demonstrating some progress in legal protection, the disregard for gender identity in the police sphere reveals the fragmentation of the justice system and the lack of uniformity in guaranteeing rights. This difference in institutional treatment indicates that the recognition of the citizenship of transgender women may be conditioned by the legal space in which state action occurs, revealing the existence of symbolic territories of power and exclusion. The marginalization of the victim reflects the persistence of a cis-heteronormative logic rooted in institutional structures, which produces invisibility, revictimization, and helplessness. The lack of adequate training and prejudice on the part of public agents contribute to the normalization of discriminatory practices and to the alienation of victims from reporting and protection mechanisms. Thus, the disregard for gender identity goes beyond mere bureaucratic error, constituting a denial of the social, political, and legal existence of the person. It is concluded that the effective realization of full citizenship for transgender women requires more than isolated normative advances, demanding the transformation of institutional culture, the continuous training of public servants, and the implementation of protocols that ensure full respect for gender diversity within the justice system. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação 2025-12-15T00:00:00Z