https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/172 Mon, 06 Apr 2026 23:38:56 GMT 2026-04-06T23:38:56Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37867 Título: Perfil fermentativo de silagens de ração total a base de palma forrageira e sabugo de milho Autor(es): Medeiros, Luiz Antonio Silva Bezerra de Orientador: Santos, Edson Mauro Abstract: Forage cactus is an important alternative feed for ruminants in semi-arid regions due to its high adaptation to water-restricted conditions and significant biomass production. However, its high moisture content and low concentration of effective fiber require association with ingredients that increase dry matter, especially when intended for silage. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the fermentative profile of total mixed ration (TMR) silages based on forage cactus associated with corn cob. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with six treatments and five replicates, totaling 30 experimental units. The diets were formulated with different proportions of cactus, corn, corn cob, urea, and soybean meal, and ensiled for 45 days. After opening, pH, lactic acid bacteria populations, yeasts and molds, as well as the concentrations of organic acids (lactic, acetic, propionic, and butyric) were evaluated. A significant effect of the diets on pH and organic acid content was observed (P ≤ 0.001), while microbial populations were not influenced by the treatments. pH values ranged from 3.60 to 4.06, indicating adequate fermentation. The highest concentrations of acetic acid were recorded in TMR1 and TMR2, diets with lower dry matter content and higher urea inclusion, while TMRs with higher dry matter content showed lower concentrations of this acid, evidencing the influence of moisture and nitrogen source on the fermentation pathway. The low levels of butyric acid, especially in TMR3, TMR5, and TMR6, indicated an absence of significant clostridial fermentation, associated with the higher dry matter content of these diets. Considering the set of fermentative parameters, TMR6 stood out for presenting the lowest pH, low butyric acid content, and adequate balance between organic acids, being indicated as the most efficient formulation for silage. It is concluded that total mixed ration silage based on forage palm associated with corn cob presents an adequate fermentation profile and microbiological stability, configuring a viable and technically recommended strategy for production systems in the semi-arid region. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC Wed, 04 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/37867 2026-03-04T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/35489 Título: Validação de tecnologia de liberação terrestre e aérea via drone de inimigos naturais em milho Autor(es): Nunes, Anderson Delfino Mauricio Orientador: Malaquias, José Bruno. Abstract: Dermaptera, such as Euborellia annulipes (Lucas, 1847) (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae), exhibit diverse feeding habits, which enable them to control insect pest populations in crops. With technological advances, the field release of these natural enemies has become increasingly recommended. In this context, this study aimed to validate the use of a biodegradable capsule, with manual and aerial release via an Agras T40 drone of E. annulipes individuals, targeting S. frugiperda strains in corn. The experiment was conducted under semi-field conditions at the Chã do Jardim Experimental Area of the Federal University of Paraíba's (UFPB) Center for Agricultural Research (CCA), Areia, Paraíba. The bioassay was divided into four replicates, distributed in voile cages containing 10 pots per cage, each with AG1051 hybrid corn seedlings and one third-instar larva of S. frugiperda from the Vip3-susceptible and -resistant populations, as well as one encapsulated earwig per cage. The treatments were distributed in a randomized complete block design. The experiment lasted 24 continuous hours. The parameters evaluated were time to capsule opening, earwig location in the pot, time elapsed after capsule opening (in minutes), occurrence of S. frugiperda predation, earwig mortality, and behavior of S. frugiperda and E. annulipes. Field validation of aerial release was performed using a DJI Agras T40 spraying drone with a solids dispenser. Data obtained from the semi-field test were analyzed using generalized linear models with a Gamma distribution for capsule opening time and binomial models for predation rate, generating contrasts within the models for the population factor. A multinomial Monte Carlo test was used to compare the location of earwig occurrence and behavior after release onto the ground. Confidence Intervals (CI) were estimated using the MultinomCI function, using the Sisonglaz method. For the field test with a drone, the success rate was measured by the percentage of capsules released from the solids dispenser, compared with the failure rate, using a generalized linear model with a binomial distribution and the odds ratio test. The mean opening time for manually released capsules was 269.25 and 220.50 minutes. The predation rate was higher in the resistant population (40%) compared to the susceptible population (25%). After the predator was released, specimens were found in three locations: in the soil (47.77% and 43.95%), in capsules (40% and 50%), and on plants (8.79% and 15.55%). The main behavior was Exploratory, Sensory, and Search (ESS) (46.15 and 44.21%). The other behaviors did not differ significantly. The success rate of aerial release with a drone was 95.04%. Validation of the use of capsules made of biodegradable material, with manual release and via a drone sprayer with a solids disperser of E. annulipes in field and semi- field conditions, demonstrated high efficiency in opening the capsules and in predatory performance against susceptible and resistant strains of S. frugiperda in corn, representing an advance for IPM as a technological innovation. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC Mon, 28 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/35489 2025-07-28T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/35485 Título: Consumo e parametros de fermentação ruminal em cabritos suplementados com extrato de marmeleiro(Croton blanchetianus) Autor(es): Paiva, Maria Eduarda Silva de Orientador: Medeiros, Ariosvaldo Nunes de Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of marmeleiro (Croton blanchetianus) extract on nutrient intake and ruminal fermentation parameters in goat kids. The experiment was conducted at the Unidade de Pesquisa em Pequenos Ruminantes da Estação Experimental, located in the municipality of São João do Cariri, Paraíba, and linked to the Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Campus II, of the Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Thirty uncastrated male crossbred goat kids (Saanen × Alpine American), with an average body weight (BW) of 3.70 ± 0.3 kg and seven days of age, were used in a completely randomized design with three treatments and ten replications. The treatments consisted of different doses of marmeleiro extract (ME): T1 – standard diet (control) without ME; T2 – standard diet + 15 mg of ME/kg BW; T3 – standard diet + 30 mg of ME/kg BW. The experiment lasted 92 days, including seven days of adaptation to handling and facilities. The animals were housed in individual suspended wooden pens equipped with drinkers and feeders. The standard diet had a roughage:concentrate ratio of 15:85 from days 20 to 46 of age and was later adjusted to a 30:70 ratio. Variables related to intake during the suckling and early post-weaning phases were evaluated, as well as ruminal fermentation parameters at the end of the experimental period. Analysis of variance was performed, and means were compared using Tukey's test at a 5% significance level. The inclusion of marmeleiro extract did not affect (P > 0.05) dry matter or nutrient intake during the experimental period. However, changes in ruminal fermentation parameters were observed. There was a significant increase in ammonia nitrogen concentration (P = 0.009) and isovaleric acid (P = 0.041), as well as a trend toward increased butyrate (P = 0.098) with increasing levels of ME. The acetate:propionate ratio also increased (P = 0.006), suggesting a modulation in the ruminal fermentation pattern. It is concluded that the inclusion of marmeleiro (Croton blanchetianus) extract up to a dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight does not alter dry matter or nutrient intake in goat kids. However, it modifies the ruminal fermentation pattern by increasing ammonia nitrogen, isovaleric acid, and the acetate:propionate ratio. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC Mon, 28 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/35485 2025-04-28T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/34776 Título: Monitoramento físico-químico e microbiológico da água da lagoa do paó: a micofiltração como proposta de melhoria da potabilidade Autor(es): Costa, Nayara Kelly Alves Orientador: Santos, Maria Betania Hermenegildo dos Abstract: Water pollution compromises the ecosystems balance and poses serious risks to human health, which makes physico-chemical and microbiological analyses essential to assess the quality of water resources and direct actions aimed at environmental preservation and public health. This research aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of the water in Lagoa do Paó, located in the municipality of Alagoa Grande-PB. The samples were obtained from a single point in the lake, located in the central region of the municipality, from December 1, 2024 to February 27, 2025. In total, four collections were made and the following parameters were assessed: total alkalinity, total ammonia, chlorides, electrical conductivity, carbon dioxide, total hardness, pH, phosphorus, nitrate, salinity, temperature, turbidity and sulfate, in addition to the identification of total coliforms and Escherichia coli. The results indicated high levels of pollution in the Lagoa do Paó. The total ammonia, chlorides, electrical conductivity, phosphorus, hardness, salinity, turbidity, and the presence of total coliforms and Escherichia coli, were above the limits established by Brazilian environmental legislation, indicating low water quality and the need for monitoring and control actions. Our results indicate low quality of the water quality in the lake. Considering these parameters, mycofiltration is suggested as a promising alternative for the removal of contaminants. This biological technology uses mycelia for filtration and has the potential to reduce pollution efficiently and sustainably, without the need of aggressive chemical agents. However, additional research is needed to optimize the process and assess its feasibility. The preservation of Lagoa do Paó will depend on the adoption of this solution integrated with public policies, educational actions, and continuous monitoring of water quality. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC Tue, 13 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/34776 2025-05-13T00:00:00Z