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Avaliação do comportamento alimentar e fatores associados em indivíduos com TEA na cidade de João Pessoa e região metropolitana

Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Avaliação do comportamento alimentar e fatores associados em indivíduos com TEA na cidade de João Pessoa e região metropolitana Autor(es): Silva, João Hálison Genésio da Orientador: Guedes, Cinthia Karla Rodrigues do Monte Abstract: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by changes in neurological development, often accompanied by difficulties in communication, socialization, and eating behavior. This study aimed to analyze eating behavior and associated factors in individuals with ASD treated at the Integrated Support Center for Persons with Disabilities Foundation (FUNAD) in João Pessoa and the metropolitan region. This cross-sectional study involved 125 participants and used instruments covering sociodemographic and eating behavior aspects adapted from the Labyrinth Scale. The results showed that all individuals presented some degree of change in eating behavior, with those classified as moderate (55.2%), followed by mild (38.4%), with emphasis on the most frequent changes in food selectivity (74.4%) and rigid eating behaviors (88%), which include functional difficulties during meals such as inappropriate use of cutlery and table posture. These findings reinforce that motor, sensory, and family factors directly impact individuals' autonomy, nutritional status, and quality of life. It is concluded that dietary changes are central features of ASD, reinforcing the need for early, multidisciplinary intervention strategies aimed at promoting appropriate eating habits and social inclusion. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC

Análise do consumo alimentar de adolescentes da Paraíba e fatores associados

Tue, 23 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Análise do consumo alimentar de adolescentes da Paraíba e fatores associados Autor(es): Carlos, Lívia Ellen da Silva Orientador: Lima, Rafaela Lira Formiga Cavalcanti de Abstract: Adolescence is a phase of intense physical, emotional, and social transformation, during which the search for identity construction and the development of autonomy occurs. This process is crucial for the consolidation of eating habits that tend to persist throughout life, directly influencing health and the risk of early development of chronic noncommunicable diseases. In Paraíba, sociodemographic and economic changes follow the national trend of a nutritional transition, characterized by a reduction in the consumption of natural foods and a significant increase in ultra-processed foods. This transition may be occurring more slowly in the state compared to other regions of the country. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the food consumption of adolescents in Paraíba between 2008–2009 and 2017–2018, according to social, economic, and demographic variables, as well as food security. This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study based on data from the 2008-2009 and 2017-2018 editions of the Household Budget Survey (POF/IBGE). Adolescents (10 to 19 years old) from Paraíba were included, totaling a sample of 224 in the first period and 256 in the second. The consumption of the NOVA groups was assessed by calculating the mean percentage of caloric contribution. The analyses were performed in R software (version 4.4.2) using the t-test for independent groups. Between the two surveys, an increase in average calorie consumption of approximately 89 kcal was observed, along with a reduction in the consumption of natural foods (Δ = -5.8%), an increase in the use of culinary ingredients (Δ = +6.4%), a decrease in processed foods (Δ = -3.2%), and an increase in ultra-processed foods (Δ = +2.7%), all with statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Food-secure adolescents had a higher intake of ultra-processed foods and processed ingredients, while food-insecure adolescents had a higher consumption of natural foods. This evidence reinforces the need for public policies and actions targeted at adolescents in Paraíba, aiming to promote healthier choices and reduce inequalities in access to quality food. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC

Repercussões do consumo de dieta hiperlipídica durante a pré-concepção e gestação sobre parâmetros de memória da prole de rator wistar

Tue, 23 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Repercussões do consumo de dieta hiperlipídica durante a pré-concepção e gestação sobre parâmetros de memória da prole de rator wistar Autor(es): Costa, Isabelle Karoline Carvalho Orientador: Aquino, Jailane de Souza Abstract: Obesity and excessive consumption of high-fat diets during pregnancy represent a growing public health concern, associated with risks for fetal development and offspring health. However, the impacts of maternal intake of such diets from the preconception period onward remain underexplored, particularly regarding potential differences between male and female offspring. The present study aimed to analyze the repercussions of maternal high-fat diet consumption during preconception and gestation on histological parameters, brain fatty-acid profiles, and short- and longterm memory in male and female Wistar rat offspring. Four primiparous rats were fed a high-fat diet during preconception (55 days) and gestation (23 days), while a control diet was provided during lactation. Litters were standardized to eight pups (four males and four females). After weaning, the offspring underwent behavioral testing on postnatal day 85, receiving a control diet until 90 days of age, when they were euthanized. No relevant alterations were observed in short-term memory tests, whereas in long-term memory testing, sex differences emerged in locomotor parameters such as distance traveled and mean velocity, as well as in the number of specific object explorations, with the female group presenting higher values. Analysis of brain fatty-acid profiles did not reveal significant sex differences. Histological evaluation of the hippocampus showed neurons with preserved morphology and features consistent with normality across all groups. The findings suggest that maternal high-fat diet consumption did not induce morphological alterations in the hippocampus but modulated exploratory behavior in the offspring during long-term memory testing, indicating subtle effects on functionality. It can be concluded that maternal high-fat diet intake exerts potentially sexdependent effects, with normality observed in most evaluated parameters except for long-term memory, which showed a relevant outcome in the offspring. These results underscore the importance of further investigations at different developmental stages, including complementary molecular analyses. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC

Alimentação adequada e uso de probióticos como potencial preventivo ao câncer colorretal: uma revisão narrativa

Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Alimentação adequada e uso de probióticos como potencial preventivo ao câncer colorretal: uma revisão narrativa Autor(es): Luckwu, Davi Lacerda Brasileiro Orientador: Diniz, Sonia Cristina Pereira de Oliveira Ramalho Abstract: The increased prevalence and morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer in recent years has led the scientific community to examine its key nuances and aspects. Thus, an adequate diet rich in probiotics has emerged as the primary recommendation, given the relationship between intestinal health and the disease. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the preventive potential of colorectal cancer by discussing studies addressing the topic and their scientific evidence, highlighting its true preventive potential. Through a narrative review, we analyzed the most up-to-date studies on the topic in the PubMed, Scielo, Virtual Health Library (VHL), and Google Scholar databases. These studies were selected based on their scientific evidence and publication dates from 2015 to 2025, among other factors. The review revealed that all selected studies presented sound scientific basis for the preventive power of diet, covering key nutrients such as soluble and insoluble fiber, unsaturated fats, the vitamins and minerals most present in gastrointestinal tract health, and the main probiotic strains that demonstrated disease prevention. Nine articles addressing this topic were selected. The study found that strains such as Lactobacillus gallinarum, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus acidophilus play important roles in intestinal health and carry out processes that combat the proliferation of carcinogenic factors, such as toxins and free radicals, and consequently, tumor cells. Its supplementation showed great effectiveness in preventing patients with a predisposition to neoplasia, while the presence of bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum played a harmful role in the stability and health of the microbiome, based on a series of factors, such as chemoresistance. Therefore, it can be concluded that a balanced diet and the consumption of probiotics are directly linked to the prevention of colorectal cancer, either through specific metabolic processes that involve it or through an adequate quality of life that it causes. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: TCC