https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/4348 PPGCJ Sat, 10 Oct 2026 09:09:38 GMT 2026-10-10T09:09:38Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/39260 Título: A repercussão da regulamentação da obsolescência programada para a economia do compartilhamento Autor(es): Oliveira, Camila Queiroga Abrantes de Orientador: Farias, Talden Queiroz Abstract: Every product has a useful life and, naturally, deteriorates with use. However, when wear and tear - and the subsequent need for replacement - occur prematurely by design, this constitutes planned obsolescence. Despite its use as a market strategy since the mid-1920s, Brazil has no specific regulation governing its limits, nor standards that define the minimum qualities a product must have to be offered to consumers, including minimum useful life. In turn, the sharing economy is characterized by distributing the use of a commodity among several temporary end users, which requires reliable product quality, and it can be seen as a reaction to consumerism, also being a way to promote the circular economy. Considering this problem, and based on Zygmunt Bauman's (2022) "Consuming life: the transformation of people into commodities", one of the main theoretical frameworks of this research - the following question arises: Given the absence of a Brazilian law that directly and specifically regulates planned obsolescence, would enacting regulations that ensure minimum product quality, such as minimum lifespan requirements, influence the sharing economy? To this end, the study will initially contextualize the massification of commercial practices, from which the consumer society and the practice of planned obsolescence derive. The market, driven by mass production, is stimulated by excessive consumption, which causes problems for both society and the environment, since it turns products into waste faster than nature can regenerate, thus motivating the regulation of consumer relations. Next, the second chapter will analyze the concepts of planned obsolescence and the sharing economy, as well as the life cycle of a product and its useful life, to verify quality, while also noting that understanding planned obsolescence as a hidden defect benefits consumer protection under the Consumer Defense Code, but remains insufficient. The third chapter will address planned obsolescence in the Brazilian legal system and its impact on the sharing economy, through an analysis of prohibitions on abusive practices and bills submitted to the National Congress, in addition to explaining how the topic is addressed in national and international courts. This research will be explanatory in nature, using the hypothetical-deductive method, and will also be aided by hermeneutic and historical methods, employing bibliographic research. In conclusion, and consistent with the initial hypothesis, we argue that specific legal regulations establishing quality parameters - such as minimum useful life based on industry - observed averages - together with other consumer rights, would positively influence the sharing economy. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação Tue, 25 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/39260 2025-11-25T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38805 Título: O direito autoral como subsistema multi-identitário e a indispensabilidade funcional/estrutural de mecanismos operativos intersistêmicos de observação e recalibragem Autor(es): Soares, Matheus Victor Sousa Orientador: Medeiros, Robson Antão de Abstract: The purpose of this thesis is to undertake a systemic analysis of Brazilian Copyright Law, considering its different self-preservation mechanisms, in accordance with the premises of Luhmann's Systems Theory. It is recognised that the System of Law - or Subsystem, depending on the perspective and skills of the Observer - is capable of self-observation and respective selfimprovement, which are corollaries of the so-called autopoiesis. We also recognise the phenomenon of exponential internal differentiation that made it possible for Subsystems to emerge; these compartmentalisations help us understand the evolution of Social Systems from a Luhmannian perspective, that the ‘autopoietic abilities’ of the Law System were and are reproduced by the constituent elements of its Affluent Subsystems. In this way, these Subsystems began to build their own structures and operate with the aim of preserving their nuclei in the face of external influxes that increase their complexity. Among the traditional Subsystems of Law, the Copyright Subsystem has shown the greatest weaknesses, mainly because it was built according to individualistic and proprietary assumptions, which are now repelled by the ‘Culture of Sharing’ based on the construction of collaborative environments orientated by otherness. Transnationally, it can be seen from the frequent theoretical incursions and legislative additions made in countries such as Portugal, Italy, Germany and France - and, at EU level, in the European Union through specific directives - that the author's prerogatives are constantly being contracted, expanded and sometimes recreated, revealing an impetus for resemanticisation. In this context, the following research question arises: how is it possible to functionally preserve the Brazilian Author Subsystem considering its structural tendency towards allopoiesis? The aim, therefore, is to describe the processes of genesis and expansion of the authorial subsystem in the light of Luhmannian Systems Theory, through the lens of the Observers, highlighting, in the Brazilian case, the need to create and maintain a central observation structure capable of observing, filtering and recalibrating intrasystemic operations in a way that is consistent with its autopoietic nature. The systemic method is chosen as the method of approach, weighing up adherence to the theoretical premises of Luhmann's Systems Theory, indicating and attempting to organise the complexities inherent in authors' rights at the forefront. As for the procedural methods used to construct the thesis, the historical and comparative methods will be adopted. The Thesis will be carried out by means of indirect documentation, concentrating predominantly on analysing national and foreign works, as well as official documents, from which the real cause of the relative stagnation in the development of copyright theory in Brazil can be extracted. This thesis credits its originality, novelty and contribution to placing the Copyright Subsystem in the wake of a Legal Culture of Human Rights, amalgamating the Brazilian understanding of the individuality of the subject-author with a network of current, vivid and cross-border discussions. In short, it is a question of examining certain rights of the author whose multi-identity, in this Thesis, is recognised and prospected.; RESUMEN. Esta tesis se centra en la realización de un análisis sistémico del Derecho de Autor brasileño, considerando sus diferentes mecanismos de autopreservación, de acuerdo con las premisas de la Teoría Luhmanniana de Sistemas. Se asume que el Sistema de Derecho - o Subsistema, dependiendo del turno y habilidades del Observador - está dotado de capacidad de autoobservación y respectiva auto-corrección, corolarios de la llamada autopoiesis. Reconocemos también el fenómeno de diferenciación interna exponencial que posibilitó el surgimiento de Subsistemas; estas compartimentaciones nos ayudan a comprender la evolución de los Sistemas Sociales desde una perspectiva Luhmanniana, es decir, que las «capacidades autopoiéticas» del Sistema Ley fueron y son reproducidas por los elementos constitutivos de sus Subsistemas Afluentes. De esta forma, estos Subsistemas pasaron a construir sus propias estructuras y a operar con el objetivo de preservar sus núcleos frente a influjos externos que aumentan su complejidad. Entre los Subsistemas tradicionales del Derecho, el Subsistema del Derecho de Autor ha mostrado las mayores debilidades, principalmente porque fue construido de acuerdo a supuestos individualistas y propietarios, que ahora son repelidos por la «Cultura del Compartir» basada en la construcción de ambientes colaborativos orientados por la alteridad. En el ámbito transnacional, las frecuentes incursiones teóricas y adiciones legislativas realizadas en países como Portugal, Italia, Alemania y Francia -y, en el ámbito de la UE, en la Unión Europea mediante directivas específicas- demuestran que las prerrogativas del autor se contraen, amplían y, a veces, recrean constantemente, lo que revela un ímpetu de resemantización. En este contexto, surge la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿cómo es posible preservar funcionalmente el Subsistema Autor brasileño teniendo en cuenta su tendencia estructural a la alopoyesis? El objetivo, por lo tanto, es describir los procesos de génesis y expansión del subsistema autorial a la luz de la Teoría Luhmanniana de Sistemas, a través de la lente de los Observadores, destacando, en el caso brasileño, la necesidad de crear y mantener una estructura central de observación capaz de observar, filtrar y recalibrar las operaciones intrasistémicas de forma coherente con su naturaleza autopoiética. Se opta por el método sistémico como método de abordaje, ponderando la adhesión a las premisas teóricas de la Teoría de Sistemas de Luhmann, indicando e intentando organizar en primer plano las complejidades inherentes a los derechos de autor. En cuanto a los métodos procedimentales utilizados para la construcción de la tesis, se adoptarán los métodos histórico y comparativo. La Tesis se realizará por medio de documentación indirecta, concentrándose predominantemente en el análisis de obras nacionales y extranjeras, así como de documentos oficiales, de los cuales se podrá extraer la verdadera causa del relativo estancamiento en el desarrollo de la teoría del derecho de autor en Brasil. Esta tesis acredita su originalidad, novedad y contribución para situar el Subsistema de Derecho de Autor en la estela de una Cultura Jurídica de los Derechos Humanos, amalgamando la comprensión brasileña de la individualidad del sujeto-autor con una red de discusiones actuales, vivas y transfronterizas. Se trata, en fin, de examinar ciertos derechos del autor cuya multiidentidad, en esta Tesis, es reconocida y prospectada. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Tese Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38805 2025-08-29T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38802 Título: Entre o cuidado e a carreira: uma análise dos planos estaduais de valorização da mulher advogada sob a ótica do direito humano do cuidado Autor(es): Oliveira, Luiza Araujo Orientador: Borges, Maria Creusa de Araújo Abstract: This study examines how gender stereotypes related to the unpaid care work performed by women lawyers are addressed in the internal regulations of the Brazilian Bar Association. The research focuses on the Plans for the Valorization of Female Lawyers (Planos de Valorização da Mulher Advogada) made by nine state sections of the association to analyze the incorporation of the human right to care, as a means of promoting gender equality, within the Brazilian legal profession. Therefore, the primary objective of this research is to undertake a critical analysis about the incorporation of the human right to care within the nine Plans, with the intent of ascertaining whether these sectional bodies have effectively managed to: recognize, reduce, and redistribute unpaid care work; promote social and gender co-responsibility; establish support infrastructure; and adequately address the intersectional dimensions of care. To this end, instruments of International Human Rights Law and the national legal framework are examined, allowing for an understanding of how gender inequalities and care work are perceived and represented by the institution. The methodology adopts a qualitative approach, featuring documentary analysis and Laurence Bardin's content analysis, grounded in feminist theories of gender, the sexual division of labor, care and intersectionality. Guided by the research question, "How have the State Plans for the Valorization of Female Lawyers incorporated the human right to care?", the research finds that while most of the plans address the issue indirectly, they fail to present lines of action aimed at effectively reducing and redistributing this burden, such as measures to promote equal share of care responsibilities between men and women. The research intends to contribute to the development and review of norms and public policies focused on gender equality, providing data to support the work of public representatives, companies, and institutions in incorporating the Human Right to Care into these regulations. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação Tue, 09 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38802 2025-09-09T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38732 Título: O paradoxo da tolerância nas mídias alternativas: a nova direita e a era da pós-verdade Autor(es): Vasconcelos, Anna Sara Farias de Orientador: Fontes, Narbal de Marsillac Abstract: This study aims to analyze how the expansion of tolerance and the use of social media have fueled the proliferation of disinformation, post-truth, and the rise of hate speech promoted by the New Right, generating a dilemma in which freedom of expression threatens the very foundations of a tolerant society. Based on this objective, the justification rests on the academic, legal, and social relevance of the debate on freedom of expression, disinformation, alternative media, and democracy, especially in digital contexts marked by polarization, institutional erosion, and a crisis of public trust. In this scenario, the problem guiding the investigation is expressed in the following question: in what aspect might the paradox of tolerance in alternative media influence the New Right and the Post-Truth Era? To support this investigation, the theoretical framework draws on key authors on tolerance, democracy, alternative media, the New Right, and post-truth, such as Popper (1974), Bobbio (1986; 2004; 2012), D’Ancona (2018), Empoli (2019), Peruzzo (2023; 2025), Moscoso (2020), Rosa (2019), Teitelbaum (2020), Sarlet (2024), Charaudeau (2015; 2022), Vattimo (1990), and Holiday (2022), articulating political communication, political philosophy, constitutional law, and democratic theory. Based on this theoretical and analytical approach, the main conclusions indicate that unrestricted tolerance in digital environments favors the legitimization of intolerant discourses, the normalization of disinformation, and the weakening of democratic deliberation, requiring normative, communicational, and institutional strategies capable of protecting freedom of expression without validating practices that erode democracy itself. The work demonstrated that alternative media operate with flexible structures and depend on digital social networks, expanding circulation and visibility, but also favoring ideological capture. It was evidenced that algorithmic logic prioritizes emotionally charged content, intensifying disinformation and polarization. It was found that post-truth functions as a symptom of communicational instability, guiding informational consumption through beliefs and affiliations. The results indicated a weakening of public deliberation and institutional trust. The historical influence on the rise of the New Right and the need to apply the paradox of tolerance to preserve democracy in digital contexts marked by political disputes were confirmed. Editor: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Tipo: Dissertação Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/38732 2026-03-26T00:00:00Z