Estudo fitoquímico e investigação da atividade imunomoduladora de metabólitos secundários de Erythroxylum simonis Plowman (Erythroxylaceae)

Abstract

Phytochemical study and investigation of the immunomodulatory activity of secondary metabolites from Erythroxylum simonis Plowman (Erythroxylaceae). Dantas, C. A. G. Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Dissertação de Mestrado, CCS/UFPB (2018). ABSTRACT For centuries human society has made use of medicinal plants, and is probably one of the first means humanity has sought to alleviate its pains and infirmities. Erythroxylum simonis Plowman, commonly known as "Guarda Orvalho" is a species of the Erythroxylaceae family with distribution in some states of the Northeast region of Brazil. This work aims to make a phytochemical approach and evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of secondary metabolites isolated from Erythroxylum simonis. The aerial parts of the species were collected at Mata Pau-Ferro in the city of Areia - PB, after dried and pulverized, the extraction of the vegetal material and subsequent partitioning of the extract resulted in hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanolic phases. The total phenolic content in the ethanolic crude extract was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau spectrophotometric method. It was possible to isolate 6 compounds: protocatechuic acid, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, quercetin-3-sambubioside, kaempferol-3-sambubioside and kaempferol-3 -O-β-D-glucopyranoside. These were identified by mass and NMR 1H and 13C spectroscopy, using uni and bidimensional techniques. In order to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of flavonoids quercetin-3-sambubioside and kaempferol-3-sambubioside, female mice were stimulated with thioglycollate (4%) in the peritoneal cavity to obtain the macrophages. Determination of cell viability was performed by the MTT assay. The effect of different concentrations of the samples (10 μM, 50 μM and 100 μM) on nitric oxide (NO) production was studied in vitro by the indirect colorimetric method known as Griess reaction. The modulating effect of these flavonols at different concentrations on the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines was analyzed by ELISA. None of the flavonol concentrations tested were able to reduce cell viability and to interfere in the production of NO and TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines produced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated macrophages. The results obtained from this work contributed to the phytochemical and pharmacological knowledge of the genus Erythroxylum and the species Erythroxylum simonis.