As filhas de Pascoal: Nova ruralidade e condições de permanência no campo entre jovens agricultoras no interior de Pernambuco

Abstract

This paper describes and analyzes the processes that enable the retention of young farmers in the field. Aims to bring a new perspective on rural youth, showing through a case study of the situation of young women who remain in the field and gained financial autonomy. Sought to show the main features of the experience of these young people who indicate some degree of transformation in the relations of gender and generation within the family. The research was conducted in the community of Augustine, located in the city of Feira Nova, interior of Pernambuco and its main object of study Pascoal family. Besides the field work on the family farm, also adopted the methodology of focus group and so we include other young people and meet other views on life in the countryside. Also received a questionnaire with twenty other families in the same community in order to understand issues relating to exit and residence of other young people. Taking into consideration that the family Pascoal is a family that has a diversified production and trade reaches beyond the institutional markets, the organization of work within the family demand functions specific to each member. It was observed that in this division are young with most of the work on the property so there is a sexual division of labor which is justified by them through the categorization of work as heavy and light. In family relationships was observed that the daughters found, through their work on the property, a form of individualization what differentiates within the family and also in relation to other youth in the community. Although parental authority is still strong in this context, they can, through constant negotiation circumvent such authority. Public policies and the work of SERTA play a fundamental role for stay of these young people as well as develop a new rhetoric about the value of the field and farm work, also developed mechanisms that allow more income generation and access to other services, ensuring these young people to carry projects without leaving the field. As for the status of women, although there was a recognition of the importance of the work of the "girls" for the operation of the production they are still profiting less than his brother. Making it clear that some gender patterns are still maintained despite the gain autonomy of young people.