Análise do gerenciamento dos resíduos de gesso da construção civil no município de João Pessoa-PB

Abstract

Along the productive chain of gypsum is possible observe a big amount of waste. These wastes have peculiar chemical characteristics that require a special handling for disposal. However, studies show that the easy reversion of gypsum composition provides it recycling to several destinations, being necessary only an eficient management of the wastes, enabling its reuse. This study aim to indentify the problems in the management of gypsum waste in the municipality of João Pessoa, since the irregular disposal is commom bringing several problems to both society and government, from the perspective of the new requirements brought by Resolution 431/2011 of CONAMA, that classified the gypsum waste as recyclable. The analysis of the management process was made with a qualitative methodology based on an explanatory study, which were carried out literature searches, document analysis in government agencies, field observations, visits to companies and agencies responsible for the management of construction waste and unstructured interviews. This study found that the management of gypsum waste in municipality of João Pessoa is inadequate in almost all the stages, complying with only the completing the form regarding to Construction Waste Management Project by those responsible. This study pointed out several failures from the government agencies responsible for manage and inspection, especially with regard to complying of one’s current municipal legislation and inspection of the activities of the generators and transporters. With the interviews, was possible to note the interest by those transporters to avoid the irregular disposal of gypsum waste, as well as the interest of the government agencies at discuss about alternatives that solve it problem in the city. The irregular disposal of gypsum waste in municipality of João Pessoa happen, mainly, because the inspection is insufficient and X lack suitable places to disposal these wastes. Although the environmental legislation requires the recycling of gypsum waste, there is not in the city any factory the make the processing of gypsum waste and finally provide its adequate disposal. However, this research found that there is practicable solution to the reuse of gypsum wastes in municipality of João Pessoa, it is possible through of the reuse as feedstock to manufacturing cement. In João Pessoa city is located one of the largest cement plants of Northeastern of Brazil that use approximately 3.000 tons of gypsum per month for cement production. It can be replaced for the construction gypsum waste, on condition that it is not contaminated with another kind of wastes, depending only of the adequate treatment at the screening stage when the wastes are generated by construction.