Clima urbano e a sua relação com o uso e cobertura do solo na cidade de Bayeux - Paraíba: Subsídio ao planejamento e a gestão ambiental.

Abstract

Cities have increasingly replaced natural for artificial and with low reflectance surfaces, which cause changes in the thermal field of these environments, directly interfering in the quality of life of the citizens. In this context, the thermal field evaluation performed through the study of urban climatology related to the different types of land use and soil cover can generate subsidy to the planning and environmental management of the cities. Therefore, this research intends to study the urban climate of the city of Bayeux - Paraíba, and the changes occurred in its thermal field. This city is densely populated and has a disordered urban structure. Thus, the city's general climatology was evaluated through official data from the fixed weather station present in the city, treated by simple arithmetic means, with the exception of the precipitation variable, which was treated through the Rainfall Anomaly Index. The results showed a tendency for an ascending behavior of years with above-average temperatures. Such temperatures associated with high percentages of city air relative humidity may intensify local precipitation. The speed of the winds helps in the heat dissipation through the organization of the space. In the analysis of the urban climate, measurements of the temperature and air relative humidity were made through thermo-hygrometers installed in 8 Points located in the intraurban space of Bayeux city, with Point 1 being considered as reference for the other points. Measurements occurred in dry and rainy periods. For the analysis of thermal sensation felt by the population, the Thermal Discomfort Index was used. It is worth mentioning that Points 5 and 7 located in the Tambay and Sesi neighborhoods, respectively, presented the highest temperatures in both analyzed periods. The heat islands in the rainy season are more intense than in the dry season. The daily temperature range can reach 19.5 ° C (Point 5) in the dry period and 21.0 ° C (Point 7) in the rainy period. The TDI in the dry period ranged from Uncomfortable to Very Uncomfortable. In the rainy period, it ranged from Partly Comfortable to Uncomfortable. Future air temperature scenarios point to high temperatures, that tends to rise in the city area from East to West.