Ensaio clínico randomizado comparando o tempo de tratamento na efetividade e segurança do clareamento vital caseiro

Abstract

Tooth bleaching is one of the most requested treatments in dentistry, for providing satisfactory results and being considered a conservative technique. The objective of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of home-made tooth whitening with 10% carbamide peroxide performed for two or three weeks of treatment. Forty individuals with mean A2 or darker color for the six anterior-superior teeth were randomized into two groups (n = 20): GI (control)- treatment performed for two weeks; GII- treatment performed for three weeks. GI participants used carbamide peroxide at 10% 4h / night for two weeks and those at GII 2h / night for three weeks. The dental color evaluations were performed by means of a digital spectrophotometer at the baseline, after the end, 1 and 3 months after the end of the treatment. Tooth sensitivity (TS) and gingival irritation (GI) were assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS), whose scores ranged from 1 (none) to 5 (severe). The aesthetic perception regarding the appearance of tooth color was also evaluated through VAS. At the end of treatment, both groups resulted in teeth lighter than the baseline (p <0.05), and no statistically significant differences were observed between groups (p = 0.08). Three months after treatment, no differences were observed between the groups either for the color average or for the color parameters (L*a*b*) (p> 0.2). More than 85% of individuals in each treatment group reported improvement in dental appearance (p = 0.7). When the frequency of the degree of TS and GI reported daily by the participants was observed, the GI reported a higher TS level (p = 0.02) and an increased GII degree of GI (p = 0.01) . It was concluded that both techniques of home bleaching were effective and safe , wich resulted in a low incidence of adverse effects. However, individuals who underwent bleaching for two weeks reported a greater degree of daily tooth sensitivity while those who performed for three weeks reported a higher degree of daily gingival irritation.