AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMENTES DE SOJA PRODUZIDAS NO BREJO PARAIBANO

Abstract

The soybean (Glycine max L.) is a legume grown by the Chinese approximately five thousand years ago. One of the most important steps is to obtain seeds of high physiological quality so that farmers in establishing their crops can use it. The inoculation of soybean seeds supplies the nitrogen of the plants so that they can have excellent germination, emergence and final yield performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds grown under greenhouse conditions submitted to different types of inoculants and fertilization. The experiment was conducted from April to July 2018 at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis, from the Department of Plant science and Environmental Sciences (DFCA) of the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus II, Areia, Paraíba. The seeds selected for the physiological quality evaluations were obtained from experimentation with soybean seeds, cultivate TMG 1182, in the experimental area referred as "Chã de Jardim", belonging to the DFCA-UFPB. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments distributed in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, with two types of treatments (inoculants and fertilization) with four replications, totaling 24 parts. For each treatment, 200 seeds were used, conditioning them in washed and autoclaved sand inside plastic trays, for determination of the tests and physiological analyzes. Emergence, first count tests, emergence speed index, root and aerial part length, green and dry matter weight were determined. The results showed no significant effects due to fertilization and significant effects with 5% probability for inoculants, concerning root and aerial part length, green and dry matter weight. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of a peat inoculant provided better physiological quality of soybean seeds, thus ensuring better performance of them. The variation of phosphorus and potassium doses used were not able to affected the physiological quality of soybean seeds.