Modelagem, simulação e análise de sistemas de condicionamento de ar puramente dessecante, por compressão de vapor e híbrido

Abstract

Air conditioning systems should provide thermal comfort and acceptable air quality within buildings with minimal energy consumption and with lower ambient impacts. The dynamic analysis of air conditioning systems is a complex and important problem for the knowledge and control of the technology used, guaranteeing speed and economy in its execution. In the present work, the analysis of the heat transfer and mass transfer processes in air conditioning systems of the type: purely desiccant, steam compression and hybrid (desiccant + steam compression) in hot and (slightly moist / Wet / very humid) was performed through the modeling and simulation of each component. Several computational programs were produced from mathematical models based on the physical principles of energy and mass conservation and solved numerically, the solution being able to predict the thermal and mass behavior of each component and then all the components were gathered in a single program to determine the performance of the complete system. The results showed that the pure desiccant system with two rotors does not guarantee thermal comfort in very humid conditions (20 g / kg). Similarly, the steam compression system also does not guarantee thermal comfort for hot and very humid weather (20 g / kg), or to achieve the comfort condition will require an oversizing with consequences of high electric consumption, high equipment cost, larger area for its installation and respiratory problems in occupants. Therefore, for a hot and very humid climate, the ideal will be the hybrid system which, after the simulations, presented a reduction of the electric consumption in relation to the steam compression system and better performance coefficients in relation to the purely desiccant system, guaranteeing the thermal comfort of the occupants.