Aposentar-se ou continuar em abono de permanência? Fatores condicionantes das decisões dos servidores das universidades federais

Abstract

Retirement is a complex decision-making process, as it can generate relational and financial losses for workers in both private and public sectors. Insofar as working in the retirement sector, we observe, daily, that several federal university employees are postponing the decision to retire in order to avoid such losses. Nonetheless, it is still unknown which factors directly interfere with this decision. Thus, our goal is to propose a model to understand the decision-making process of these servers for either retiring or receiving bonus for continued services, in a micro, meso and macro analysis perspective. We therefore undertook an applied, explanatory, and quantitative research, using data from a database, and analyzing it through logistic regression tests, survival analysis and normal linear regression with the aim to identify duration of the time of occurrence, risks, and factors that influence this decision to retire in the period from January 2004 to December 2015. The results indicate that the employees spend the average time of six and a half years receiving bonus for continued services and such financial incentive is the most important factor in the decision to continue working. Regarding the profile, we infer that the technical-administrative are more likely to join the permanency allowance when they are: younger, graduates, unmarried, with dependents, who work in an unhealthy environment and do not reside in the Southeast Region. While in teachers, you are more likely to opt for the allowance when you are: woman, older, with dependents and working in an unhealthy environment. In addition, the factors that interfere with the technical-administrative continue for longer are: woman, older, graduated, unmarried, with dependents and working in an unhealthy environment; while the teachers are: woman, older, with dependents, working in an unhealthy environment and residing in the Southeast. We have observed that having dependents and working in an unhealthy environment influence both the adhesion and the time of receiving bonus for continued services for both employee’s post, possibly because the fear of the reduction reduces the family situation, therefore the financial question is paramount in these decisions. We propose two models to understand the decision making of federal servants to adhere and time to receiving bonus. We conclude that these decisions are spontaneous, procedural, complex, and multilevel, and may be different according to the employee’s post.