DISCUSSÃO MÉTODOS ANALÍTICOS DE DETERMINAÇÃO DE BIODIESEL EM DIESEL

Abstract

Countries are increasingly seeking sustainable, socially just, environmentally sound and economically viable development. The diversification of its energy matrix is part of this effort, through programs such as the production and consumption of biodiesel is an example of this interest. The biodiesel production chain helps reduce dependence on foreign oil, positively influences the use of fossil fuels, reduces the emission of greenhouse phases, reduces air pollution and risks related to public health, and benefits the economy of producing countries. Quality control and the characterization of this fuel are important factors for the success and acceptance of any biodiesel production and use program. When properly performed, they combat tampering, thus reducing environmental impacts and contributing to the maintenance of the performance and durability of engines and injection systems. However, great challenges are faced, obtaining laboratory infrastructure for the characterization and quality control of biodiesel requires high investments in equipment and testing. In Brazil, Law 11097/05 established the mandatory addition of 2% biodiesel to diesel (blend B2) as of January 2008 and makes 5% mixtures mandatory by 2013. In anticipation of the forecasts, the National Policy Council (CNPE), through its Resolution no. 2/2008, made it mandatory to add 3% biodiesel to diesel (blend B3) as of July 1st of this year. This measure, in addition to strengthening the national industry and reducing the share of mineral diesel in the national energy matrix, also aims to drain the national biodiesel production. Once biodiesel has been added to the fossil-based diesel fuel in different proportions, established by law, it is necessary to develop methodologies and instruments that serve as an effective means of monitoring and monitoring the presence and concentration of biofuel in the blend. In this context, the reference work describes different alternatives for quantification of this mixture, such as High Resolution Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (HRC-MS), Infrared (IR) and Ultraviolet (UV) Region Spectroscopy and Resonance Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR).