Caracterização de compostos fenólicos por espectrometria de massas e potencial antioxidante das cascas de Myracrodruon urundeuva (aroeira-do-sertão) do cariri paraibano

Abstract

Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. Allemão belonging to the family Anacardiaceae popularly known in Brazil by Aroeira-do-sertão with natural occurrence in the states of Ceará and São Paulo with occurrence in the states of Alagoas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Sergipe, São Paulo, Tocantins and Distrito Federal. Some phytochemical studies show the great presence of phenolic compounds, such as dimeric chalcones and tannins and volatile components such as monoterpenes. It is considered one of the main plants used as medicinal in the Northeast region, being known for its pharmacological properties anti-inflammatory, healing, antiulcerogenic and against vaginal diseases. Thus, this work aimed to contribute through the phytochemical study to the chemical knowledge of the species, as well as to evaluate its antioxidant potential and quantification of total phenols. For this, the vegetal material, was dried and submitted to the extraction for later procedure of characterization of the chemical constituents. The chemical characterization was performed by High Efficiency Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry. The characterization resulted in the identification of 42 compounds with structure and proposed fragmentation putatively suggested by comparisons with literature data. The antioxidant potential of the crude ethanolic extract (CEE) were analyzed by the free radical sequestration method DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and the total phenol content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, the results obtained were compared with the ascorbic acid and gallic acid standards, respectively. Analysis of the antioxidant potential resulted in an CEE activity (CI50 = 18,764 μg / mL) when corroborated with that of the standard (CI50 = 16,343 μg / mL) and a high total phenol content of 387.49 ± 15.09 mg EAG / g of CEE. Phenolic compounds can be an important indicator for antioxidant activity. The results reported here corroborate with the data described in the literature for this species.