Mapeamento de impactos ambientais causados por postos de distribuição de combustíveis em João Pessoa - PB

Abstract

Contamination of soil and water by petroleum-derived fuels poses risks to the population's health and degrades the environment. These materials are potentially contaminants due mainly to leaks in the underground storage tanks at the fuel distribution points. In this sense, geotechnologies increasingly assist in the preservation of natural resources, since geoprocessing is an important tool to aid studies on the conservation of the environment, based on the precision and speed with which to work with different types of information, besides the advantage of integrating this data and being able to visualize them. Thus, the present work had the objective of elaborating maps to represent areas with potential contamination by fuel distribution points, currently authorized by the National Petroleum Agency (ANP), in the city of João Pessoa - PB, as well as to identify possible environmental impacts. The data were georeferenced, which were correlated with shapefiles made available by the Municipality of João Pessoa and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. With the creation of several maps, it was observed that there is a disrespect to the legislation regarding the distances between fuel stations and wells of groundwater used for public supply, water bodies, APP's, waterfront and Mata do Buraquinho. It was also noted that a large area of the city can be investigated, as a result of banking operations, as to the polluting potential caused by the stations. It is concluded that the use of geotechnologies can help in a number of ways the conservation of natural resources and the environment, and it is hoped that this study may serve, in the future, as an aid to the management of possible areas contaminated by fuel stations in the city of João Pessoa - PB.