Aplicação de modelos matemáticos para transformação de chuva em vazão

Abstract

To build a infrastructure that changes a course of a river for example a hydroelectric dam, a dam, it is necessary to have a natural events in the region, such as: rainfall, what is the rate of evaporation of the region, to have time series of flows in the main river, which is the period of drought and flood, among other data. It's from It is extremely important to have values ​​for these data daily, since many years to have a broad view of the events that have already taken place and to be able to estimate those still to come in the region. In order to measure them, as in the case of rain, rainfall, where you have daily how much it rained at that station. As there are few stations to characterize the pluviometric regime of the region and also as there are errors in the data collected, calculations are made through mathematical models that simulate, with good approximation, the data that exist or have not been collected correctly, these models use and transform them into flow, which is the main variable for a sizing of a work of this size. The present study uses two model types (SMAP and MODHAC) to generate in each a series of flows to the same region and compare them to see which is best for applied in the hydraulic dimensioning of a dam. In this comparison it was seen that the model that most approached the real values ​​and the most used for this type of simulation was the MODHAC, because it is much more complex, has more calculation variables and simulates with more approximation the series of flows calculated from the real ones, resulting in a series of very reliable flows to do the hydraulic sizing of works of this size.