O ensino das equações do 1º grau no ensino fundamental com o uso de balanças

Abstract

In this paper we point out that the teaching and learning of mathematics in our present present several innovative methodological processes that show in our students a better emphasis on construction of knowledge. Since the equations of 1st degree unknown, a leading content and high school students have difficulty learning this, we propose in this study the use of illustrations with small scales and problem situations as methodological support that helped us in the teaching of this content. To this was accomplished intervention work in a public school located in the urban area of Pasture - PB, a class of 8th grade of elementary school. The main objective of this intervention was to evaluate the use of scales and problem situations for the teaching of 1st degree equations with one unknown in elementary school. To stand out the appropriate methodology in this intervention, we rely on some researchers, such as Bridge and Fiorentini (2009), BRAZIL (1998) and Oliveira (2008). The research presented here has qualitative character, for harvest data by applying two questionnaires in class to highlight. On the results obtained from the questionnaires we can see that the students showed an unsatisfactory level of knowledge on the 1st degree equations with one unknown because there is a lack of understanding of the equal sign, members, unknown and resolution process. To help our students achieve better results, we seek to support the use of illustrations with small scales and problem situations as a methodology for the teaching of such content. After implementation of the proposed activities in this study we found a significant improvement in learning, leading to better performance by students in relation to the theme worked.