Ocorrência de arboviroses e sua correlação com aspectos socioambientais na Comunidade de Santa Bárbara, João Pessoa/PB - Brasil

Abstract

In the group of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, mosquito-borne arboviruses are considered public health challenges. Early recognition of local transmission, followed by rapid and effective vector control and encouragement of social mobilization programs, can broaden prevention measures and minimize the risk of dissemination by reducing the occurrence of sudden outbreaks caused by arboviruses. The present work aimed to identify the occurrence of arboviruses and to correlate them with socioenvironmental aspects in the community Santa Bárbara, João Pessoa / PB. For this, traps were placed for oviposition, for later analysis and quantification of the species. To characterize the epidemiological factors, to draw the sociodemographic profile, an investigative questionnaire was applied to correlate the socioenvironmental issues that could be influencing the presence and maintenance of the vectors in the community. The traps showed a higher oviposition in the hotter periods of the year with a peak in the February period, which confirms the positive influence of temperature on vector proliferation. Humidity also interfered positively, followed by precipitation in order of importance. It was observed that most of the Santa Bárbara Community is marked by the absence of basic sanitation. The recorded cases of arbovirus cases was 62.56% of the studied population, of which 63.11% were affected by Dengue. Among those affected by some arboviruses, only 48.86% were submitted to diagnostic confirmation tests. Although the role of endemic agents is of fundamental importance for the prevention and control of outbreaks of arboviruses cases, it was verified that many residences were not visited by them and those who received the visit were not surveyed nor did their residents receive any information on how to prevent or combat the proliferation of vectors. Through the investigation of the breeding sites and the vector positivity by type of container it was possible to verify that the highest breeding indexes were characterized as type D2 residues. Based on the results, we can infer that climatic factors and socioenvironmental issues directly influence the development and oviposition of vector insects and that they are adapted to the local ecosystem.