Silagens de rações a base de palma forrageira e capim buffel para ovinos em confinamento

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of forage palm based feed silages on nutrient intake, apparent nutrient digestibility, nitrogen and water balance, as well as the bioeconomic performance and etology of lambs in feedlot. 40 crossbred lambs with initial body weight of 18.85 ± 1.2 kg were distributed in five treatments in a completely randomized design with eight replicates. The treatments consisted of feed silages based on forage palm, wheat bran, soybean meal, corn meal, urea and mineral supplement. The nutrient intake presented differences (P <0.05) and ranged from 128.19 to 165.21 g of crude protein, 304.91 to 520.60 g of non-fibrous carbohydrates, 866.96 to 1004.3 g of organic matter, 11.11 to 30.56 g of ethereal extract, 490.19 to 401 , 89 g of neutral detergent fiber and 2,220 to 3,041 kcal of metabolizable energy. For apparent digestibility of nutrients, there was a difference (P <0.05) only for the digestibility of non-fibrous carbohydrates ranging from 75.82 to 85.35% and for neutral detergent fiber from 52.18 to 57.97%. There was a difference (P <0.05) in the nitrogen balance, so the nitrogen ingested ranged from 20.50 to 26.43 g / day, nitrogen in the faeces from 2.50 to 3.38 g / day, nitrogen in the urine from 2.48 to 3.22 g / day, nitrogen excreted from 4.98 to 6.60 g / day, although the nitrogen balance was not influenced. None of the variables in the water balance presented a difference (P> 0.05). The performance of the animals had no effect (P> 0.05) with mean values of 180.8 g / animal / day of daily gain, 1.04 kg DM / animal / day for consumption and 6.08 for feed conversion. Diets imposed differences (P <0.05) on all variables of ingestive behavior. The efficiency of feed in relation to MS (g MS / hr) and NDF (g NDF / hr) presented an increase (P <0.05), with a maximum efficiency of 464.45 g / hr and 156, (G ND / hr) and (g NDF / hr) showed an increase (P <0.05) with maximum values of 230.42 g / h and 84 , 55 g / hour for diet 5. The large amount of water present in diets containing palm silage reflects in a higher intake of water via food, reducing the demand of water in the drinking fountain, constituting an important alternative to meet the water needs of animals raised in arid and semi-arid regions. Feeding and rumination efficiencies were positively related to xv total digestible nutrients, although they did not influence the performance of the animals. Although the different proportions of forage palm and Buffel grass of the diets did not interfere in the animal performance, the best economic results were presented by the diet 1.