Adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral: uma explicação pautada nos valores humanos, na positividade e no Coping

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze whether human values, positivity and coping predict adherence to antiretroviral treatment. Specifically, it sought to know the relationship between these variables; and propose a theoretical model of adherence to antiretroviral treatment. A sample of 199 patients living with HIV / AIDS, with a mean age of 41 years, ranging from 18 to 73 (SD = 10.98), mostly men (55.3%), (51.8%), heterosexuals (80.9%), with fundamental education (44.7%), who were not working (62.3%) and middle class (44.7%). All were on antiretroviral treatment in a hospital of infectious diseases of a northeastern capital. After the approval of a Research Ethics Committee, the participants answered the Basic Values Questionnaire, Positivity Scale, COPE Brief, CEAT - HIV Treatment Accession Scale, HIV infection evolution questionnaire and a questionnaire sociodemographic. The data were analyzed using the statistical programs PASW and AMOS (both in its version 18). With the former, descriptive statistics, t-test and analysis of variance for group comparison, Pearson's correlation analysis and regression analysis were performed. With the second, a path analysis was performed, establishing normative and interactive evaluative sub-functions, positivity, positive coping and support dimensions, and as a criterion variable adherence to antiretroviral treatment. The results indicated that the normative, interactive and existence value sub-functions were positively related to adherence to antiretroviral treatment. This variable also had a positive relationship with positivity, positive coping, coping support, while negative coping with negative coping. Additionally, an explanatory model was developed for adherence to antiretroviral treatment, taking into account social values, positivity and dimensions of positive coping and support, which was adjusted to the data. Thus, it is hoped to have contributed to the understanding of the subject, broadening the understanding about the phenomenon of adherence to antiretroviral treatment based on the role of human values and positive personal characteristics.