Efeitos do composto mesoiônico MC-1 no modelo experimental de tumor ascítico de Ehrlich

Abstract

Cancer is a multifactorial disease in which the cells of the organism divide themselves in an abnormal and uncontrolled manner. In 2018, The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) estimated the emergence of 18.1 million new cases of cancer in the world and 9.6 million of related deaths. Considering the limitations still existent on cancer treatment, antineoplastics’ lack of specificity and strong side effects, studies aimed at the discovery of new substances with antitumor potential are necessary. Mesoionic compounds are synthetic, heterocyclic substances, consisting of a five-membered heterocyclic ring. These compounds are relevant for having potential therapeutic applications due to the possibility of introducing heteroatoms in the ring. Literature data reveals these compounds’ biological activity, like antiparasitic, antibacterial and antineoplastic effects. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate the effects of the mesoionic 1,4-diphenyl-5-(5-nitro-2-furanyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazolium-2-thiol chloride (MC-1) in the development and pathophysiology of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC). The efficacy of MI-01 was assessed by analyzing parameters such as abdominal circumference, animal weight and tumor volume, that are directly related to tumor progression, as well as histopathological analyses. Ascitic fluid cells were also counted and analyzed to infer the neoplastic potential and the immunomodulatory capacity of the substance. As a result, it was observed that the the treatment with the mesoionic compound was effective against the parameters analyzed: it inhibited the weight gain of the animals, reduced ascitic fluid formation, decreased abdominal circumference, reduced the amount of total cells at the tumor site, modulated the inflammatory cellular profile, in addition to reversing the histopathological alterations provinetes of the development of the EAC.