Os sindicatos de assistentes sociais no Brasil: trajetória histórica e perspectivas políticas

Abstract

This work has as its object the union organization of social workers in Brazil. At the end of the 1980s, this professional category deliberated by affiliation to branches of activity, causing the extinction of its federation and most of its unions in the early 1990s. However, this decision does not occur without controversy, expressed in the maintenance of the activities of five trade unions that later founded the National Federation of Social Workers (Fenas) in 2002 to encourage the reopening of social worker unions. Thus, the objective is to analyze the process of maintaining the activities of the specific unions in the 1990s and reopening, starting in 2002. In order to understand their historical determinants and political perspectives, which pervades the discussions on productive restructuring and the neoliberal advances, syndicalism in Brazil and the trajectory of the Brazilian Social Service. In order to deepen these aspects, a bibliographical research was carried out on the subject and field, with the directorates of the unions of social workers, five unions participated - in which one was a union that maintained its activities and four reopened between the years of 2007 and 2013 -. Through the research it can be analyzed that the defense of the different forms of unionization is based on political divergences regarding a corporate project and the Brazilian Social Service. For, to close their specific unions and foster the development of unions by branch of activity / production is in line with a strategy of classist unionism to overcome corporatism and the fragmentation of the working class in accordance with the hegemonic ethical and political project in the Service Brazilian society, built on the basis of its rupture with conservatism. While maintaining the unions is politically aligned with a pragmatic unionism, inserted in the logic of negotiations and guarantees within the order, which became progressively, during the 1990s, majority within the CUT. The creation of Fenas in 2002 articulated with the mainstream of the CUT is an expression of this process. One can also cite the pragmatic, immediatist posture that relegates the historical contextualization of deliberation by unionization by branch of activity / production, as well as the postures of placing the political divergences from the interior of the category to the personal and evaluative field.