Etnografia do recreio: brincadeiras, espaços escolares e crianças “especiais” em uma escola municipal de Cabedelo-PB

Abstract

The present work is a theoretical-methodological research whose objective is to analyze the recreation in order to understand its importance for children, how children's interactions are given and what is the place that children with functional differences occupy and was carried out in a municipal elementary school in the city of Cabedelo-PB. In the course of the text I mean the children, who in school are considered as "special", as children with functional differences. The substitution of terminology is intended not to feed a hierarchical classification among children. The methodology used to produce the necessary ethnographic data was based on participant observation, informal conversations, direct contact with the respondents, reports and drawing of drawings as complementary technique, whose explanation on them was performed by the children themselves, of memorization and field diary. The drawings were effective in showing me that children prefer physical education classes over recreation because children can have more space, time and instruments to play with. The participant observation occurred during the recess and, in a complementary way and encouraged by the drawings, during some physical education classes. The conversations happened at the same time / space, only the drawings were collected in the classroom or in the yard at different times of the playground. I describe some jokes observed in the intention of through them to analyze children's interactions. I also present children with functional differences, how they behave in playgrounds and what place they occupy in the children's imagination. The study is anchored in Child Anthropology and Sociology of Childhood making use of its own theories and methodologies, under the observation and focus of children researched as social actors that despite social reproduction, produce and present new meanings in the context of sociability.