Fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos relacionados à adesão e ao acompanhamento ao uso da profilaxia pós-exposição para o HIV por acidente ocupacional

Abstract

The evolution of cases of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection remains a concern for public health, and prevention is considered the only strategy for its control, especially Post-Exposure Prophylaxis. Objective: To analyze the adherence and follow-up of occupational Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV according to socio-demographic and clinical aspects. Method: A descriptive and quantitative study with 224 records of users registered in the Logistic Control System of Medicines, from 2012 to 2016, of a reference hospital for HIV / AIDS in Paraíba. The data were recorded in a form, typed in an Excel 2003 worksheet and processed by the SPSS software version 20. The analysis used descriptive statistics and logistic regression of the data. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Paraíba, under CAAE 65606417.2.0000.5188. Results: The majority of users who started prophylaxis were female (67%), single marital status (56.7%), brown race (72%), average school level (41.5%), occupation of nursing (36.6%), living in the capital (75.9%). The characteristics of occupational accidents involved: blood (71%), percutaneous exposure (83.9%) and lumen needle (67.4%). The inappropriate disposal of sharps was the practice that most provoked an accident at work (29.9%). Non-adherence to PEP (69.6%) was verified in greater proportions among general service professionals (17%), unmarried (14%), residents of the metropolitan area and people who had contact with biological material (11%). The variables that presented the greatest probabilities for adhesion were nursing technicians, married and the blood as biological material. Conclusion: It was verified that the variables: sex, occupation, marital status, race, origin, type of exposure and biological material did not present statistical significance, but emphasize the importance for professional practice. To promote adherence to the PEP, it is recommended: to follow the recommendations of the Ministry of Health; strengthen the reception in the first consultation; report on the risks of abandonment; promote psychological support and enable the active search of users.