Comunicação em cuidados paliativos nas unidades de terapia intensiva: uma revisão integrativa.

Abstract

Introduction: Clinical practice has shown a marked lack of preparedness of health teams in dealing with patients/relatives in palliative care in the context of communication, worsening in Intensive Care Units scenarios. Thus, the objective is to characterize the Brazilian scientific publications on the communication process from the perspective of palliative care in Intensive Care Units. Materials and Method: We used the integrative review whose bibliographic survey took place in April and May 2019, including publications of the LILACS, BDENF and MEDLINE databases published between 2008 and 2018. Results: We obtained a total nine articles, most of them (66.7%) original articles published mostly (66.7%) in LILACS and from which, three thematic categories were delimited: difficulties in the communication process among the team of health and patients/relatives; communication as a therapeutic tool and; communication challenges in addressing palliative care. Conclusion: despite the low quantity of available studies, it was identified as difficulties in the communication process the lack of ability to transmit bad news as well as the overvaluation of the technological apparatus; communication was presented as a therapeutic tool capable of reducing physical and emotional symptoms and providing a feeling of comfort and; Among the challenges in the communication process, the lack of team interaction among themselves and with patients/ relatives, the lack of specific training to improve this skill, the lack of prioritization in daily care and the centralization of the act in the figure stood of doctor and/or psychologist.