Análise da estrutura texto-imagem na abordagem do tema fisiologia humana no livro didático de biologia

Abstract

The concern that guides this research is focused on the textbook structure as a tool to help the teacher and the student. The objective is to build an analysis of the approach of the theme of Human Physiology and the importance that this theme has in addressing health promotion. The textbook has gone through a great period of development throughout the history of the emergence of the Biology curriculum, and it developed in Brazil throughout the 20th century, in a historical intertwining parallel to the unification of the Biological Sciences and the development of education in the cold war period. Human Physiology, as a curricular component of the Biology school discipline, has an important representation, because it is an integrating axis and for its intimate relationship with health, incorporated by law No. 5.692 of August 11, 1971 in the school curriculum. Thus, the objective of this research is to verify the occurrence of the theme Human Physiology in a Biology textbook. The chosen book for the analysis was "Bio" vol. 3, 2017, by Sônia Lopes and Sérgio Rosso. It was made an initial exploratory analysis about the Biology textbook, on which emerged other analyzes. The methodology used was both qualitative and quantitative, as it gives the same way that qualitative characteristics present in the text-image of the analyzed book are analyzed, there is also a search for the frequency with which these characteristics occur. The methods used were thematic analysis, co-occurrence analysis and image analysis. The result showed a tendency towards a descriptive approach to physiology. The theme of health, however, was very present in complementary texts. A quite significant didactic flaw was found in the content related to Homeostasis, which is one of the central themes in Physiology. In the image analysis, it was observed that the Biology textbook uses a greater percentage of explanatory and organizational images, which have greater didactic value. The discussions of the analysis in the perspective of multimedia learning have shown little progress in Biology textbook and it is still necessary to overcome the various aspects that are still outdated.