AS DIFICULDADES DA POPULAÇÃO REFUGIADA NO BRASIL E NA CIDADE DE JOÃO PESSOA NO ACESSO À PROTEÇÃO SOCIAL

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the difficulties of the refugee population in Brazil and in the city of João Pessoa in accessing social protection. An important topic, therefore, the number of refugees, who have sought Brazil in recent years, has increased, demanding the attention of the academy, society and, above all, the government. For this study, the Brazilian and international laws that correspond to the laws established by the United Nations (International Refugee Law) and the bibliographic production already on the subject were taken as a subsidy, in addition to considering this object of study, as an expression of the social issue and point to the example of Venezuela. It also reflected on social protection arising from the Brazilian State and its dismantling from the 1990s. Finally, the difficulties of refugees in Brazil and in the city of João Pessoa were presented. This theme was addressed through bibliographic research and field research. In this way, Venezuelan refugees were interviewed who were welcomed by the NonGovernmental Organization (NGO) “Aldeias Infantis SOS Brasil”, in the city of João Pessoa, in the State of Paraíba, and who already are disconnected or in the process of being dismissed from the NGO, residing in the aforementioned city, as well as the professional team involved in the Brasil Sem Fronteiras Project, of the referred Institution (NGO) with an agreement with the United Nations (UN) was also interviewed. Therefore, it is a field research, with a predominantly qualitative type of analysis. It was noticed that the difficulties in accessing social protection come from the structural failures of Brazilian social public policies, molded in the Neoliberalist state ideology, which affect the national and refugee population, however, the refugee population also faces particular challenges their condition, such as the language barrier and prejudice and discrimination for being refugees, which makes this population more vulnerable and which requires urgent attention from public authorities. But, it was found that, there are no public policies or services, coming from these public powers, at state and municipal levels, aimed specifically at this population, and the existing policies for the population in general are also highly precarious, as well as, the professionals' unpreparedness makes the refugee's integration process into Brazilian and personal society problematic, extremely fragile and socially unprotected.