Acidentes por escorpiões notificados por um hospital universitário em João Pessoa no biênio 2018-2019

Abstract

Venomous animals are those that have the power to produce or modify a poison and have some device to inoculate it in its victim. 30% of the express records of accidents by venomous animals are scorpionism. The species of medical importance in Brazil are T. bahiensis, T. obscurus, T. serrulatus and T. stigmurus. The North and Northeast regions are mainly responsible for the large number of species of scorpions in our country. The venom of these invertebrates acts mainly on ion channels that are in the membrane of excitable cells. Thus, the objective of the work was to address accidents with scorpions, notified by a university hospital in João Pessoa in the last two years, to identify scorpions of medical interest in Brazil, report the main symptoms of scorpion victims and inform how the victim should proceed in the event of a scorpion accident. Through a documentary study, with a quantitative, retrospective approach, with an exploratory focus on the counting of absolute frequencies and percentages of all cases of scorpionism notified in 2018 and 2019 by HULW and notified by DATATOX. It was found that 3683 cases were treated in the years 2018 and 2019, where 38.91% were male and 61.09% female; 43.55% of accidents were caused by the species T. stigmurus and 56.45% the species was not identified; only 0.03% of the cases treated were serious; 96.23% of the cases the accident occurred in a residential environment and 98.72% of the accidents were caused by patients residing in an urban area. We conclude the need to implement preventive programs with the population, both with the intention of avoiding the proliferation of scorpions, as well as in order to avoid the accident, toxicology information centers should also be encouraged, as they promote actions aimed at the population, which generates information and knowledge about how to behave in the face of an accident with a poisonous animal.