AUTISMO E SUAS INTERFACES: UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE O CUIDADO DA FAMÍLIA E A PROTEÇÃO SOCIAL DESTINADA À PESSOA COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA - TEA

Abstract

Autism is a disorder whose symptoms appear in the child's first years that can compromise his/her communication, behaviour and social interaction. This way, autistic people find barriers to have access to their rights, since people with disabilities are a class that have been historically excluded and marginalized. Given the importance of this theme, this paper aims to reflect on Autism in the context of families connections and the relationship with the State's social protection. To achieve what was proposed, the following methodological path was carried out: bibliographic and documentary research, descriptive research, exploratory and qualitative research, based on the analysis of experience in the internship field. The first actions directed to disabled people started one year after the Constitution, the law 7.853 from 1989 determined the “National Policy for the Integration of People with Disabilities”. The standards of this law aim to guarantee to these people governmental actions that are necessary to the full practice of their basic rights like the right to education, health, work, leisure, social security,etc. With regard to education, the State must ensure children and adolescents with disabilities the Specialized Educational Service (ESA), with a companion / pedagogical caregiver and a multifunctional resource room. In the Heath area, it is the State´s duty to include people with disabilities in the services of the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Immunization services, hospital assistance, dental care and rehabilitation have to be equally provided. Social assistance also has to be provided by the State in a way that offers protection to disabled people, their families, habilitation and rehabilitation and the benefit of a minimum wage every month for the disabled people that have no way to provide for their own maintenance. Besides those things assured by the disabled people´s law, the person that has Autism Spectrum Disorder has the support of the Law 12.764./12 that defines the “National Policy of Protection to the Rights of the Person with Autism Spectrum Disorder” that recognize the person with ASD as a disabled person. In Paraíba, the Institute that is a reference and that serves the population of disabled people is the Fundação Centro de Apoio à Pessoa com Deficiência – FUNAD. The services directed to disabled people with ASD are carried out by the Intelectual Rehabilitation Service (IRSE), where the social service receives the user and their families and directs them to the therapeutic services. In this context, the social service professional has a fundamental role to make feasible for the autistic person and his/her family to have acess to their social rights helping them to conquer their independence and have a more fair and inclusive life. Social protection becomes an ally for the ones that live with this disability, because the family does not know how to deal with this new reality and in fact suffers an impact with the diagnosis of ASD. But, despite the rights acquired and based on social struggles and policies being put into law, the user and his/her family still find difficulties in the enforcement of these rights.