O desenvolvimento de competências nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem do canto lírico: um estudo multicaso

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze, by a competency approach, how the teaching and learning process of lyrical singing occurs in two bachelor courses in music. To achieve this purpose, the competency approach was used accordingly to the work of Guy Le Boterf, Gérard Scallon, Maurice Tardif and Xavier Roegiers. The research, of qualitative character, used the Case Study. As a data collection instrument, class observations and semi-structured interviews with professors and students from the two Brazilian universities were carried out. The collected data was confronted to the perspective of Competency theorists and to specific authors from the study area of lyric singing. The central concept of competence adopted for this study is the "know-act", which in turn is composed by the "know-how to mobilize", the "know-how" and the "know-how to transfer". According to the observations and the analysis, the main situations present in the singing classes observed are the situations of seizure of voice technical resources, situations of performance and situations of evaluation. Regarding the competence approach, all these situations are linked to the notion of problem situations. The focus in the classes analysis prioritizes the construction of the lyrical voice through vocal technique through specific vocalizations and exercises. In addition, the elements linked to the preparation of the singer performer were also contemplated. It was found that the performance of the repertoires offers students favorable moments for the execution of know-how through the use of the resources seized previously. The research concludes that, according to the competency approach, the construction of the lyrical voice and the construction of the singer interpreter are dimensions that can be considered as competences in themselves. These two competences together constitute a major competence or terminal integration objective. This means a more comprehensive competence, above all others, which would be the optimal performance of works from the canonical repertoire of lyrical singing on stage, permeated by all the elements linked to it.