Bolsa Família, proteção social e território: o impacto das condições de acesso aos serviços públicos condicionados instalados no território de vivência

Abstract

This study deals with the determinants of the relationship between Social Protection and Territory, based on a study of the socio-territorial conditions of conditioned public services linked to the territory of experience of families benefiting from Bolsa Família. Aiming to analyze the impact of access to conditioned public services on Social Protection of families benefiting from the Bolsa Família Program in municipalities in the 2nd Geoadministrative Region of the State of Paraíba. The theoreticalmethodological approach of this quantitative and qualitative investigative study, presents the fundamental conceptions of Social Protection, discussing the initial historical milestones of Social Protection, deepening the debate in the Brazilian context, especially from the Federal Constitution of 1988, with emphasis in the Social Assistance Policy and in the debate on Income Transfer Programs. It presents the historical and legal dimensions of the Bolsa Família Program, and the importance of intersectorality for the management of the program. The research was developed from secondary sources, through bibliographic and documentary survey; followed by the analysis of data made available on online platforms of public institutions linked to the object under study. The study sample refers to four municipalities in the 2nd Geoadministrative Region of Paraíba, comprising a total of 24 municipalities. The results allow us to infer some considerations from the elucidation of socio-territorial social protection indicators linked to the housing territory, namely: social protection management and income transfer policies are two faces of the (although incipient) model of social protection in the country. In addition, there is an intrinsic relationship between social protection and the territory, considering the territory is a determining factor / indicator for mediations and management of social protection. We also identified the importance of intersectoriality as the main mediation in the management process of the Bolsa Família Program. Finally, the incursions carried out allowed us to see that the Bolsa Família Program has been gradually suffering from the downsizing of the budget, and consequently has shown a decrease in the number of beneficiary families, with the maintenance and continuity of the program being, perhaps, the biggest problem encountered during the course of the program. our study.