Dante Alighieri e a filosofia oriental: hermetismo upanishádico na Divina Commedia

Abstract

This research tries to explain in a hermeneutic-conceptual and synthetic way the systematic structure of Dante Alighieri's poetry (1265-1321), especially in the first Cantos I - XXXIV - Hell, in the work Commedia (1472) and its relation with the oriental knowledge of Upanishads, more specifically Katha, Kali, and Ishavasya. In order to do so, we will first analyze the historical-religious and geopolitical period that the Florentine poet devoted to the foundation of the influence that provided the elaboration of his capital literary work. In this way, we will try to show the imaginary conceptions of the concept of Hell through the circles and their main punishments that inexorably merge with the aspects of medieval Christianity and which corroborated, as it were, in the hellish realm of dantes que perception. From this, we will be able to access through classical works the field of occult philosophy, that is, philosophical hermeticism, in order to understand the relation that occurs in the Dante an poems between East and West in their plurality of physical and metaphysical aspects. In addition, sacred geometry will also be a foundational element in the experimental scope, because the formatting of the secret knowledge of the world is intrinsically established in the structure of the universal forms that condition all nature. Finally, according to the grounded epistemic bases we will apply our analytical perspectives to the Eastern world in an in-depth way, carrying the relationship between the hell influence of the Dante an demons of the Middle Ages, along with the symbolic manifestations of the underworld and the supposed demonic figures of the East, such as: Kali, Yama and Raktabija.