Utilização de recursos vegetais em áreas de quintais em uma comunidade rural localizada no entorno do Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades, Piauí, Nordeste do Brasil

Abstract

Rural quintals are considered reservoirs of biodiversity, among the forms of management of the resources cultivated in these spaces are the agroforestry type systems that consist of traditional land use practices presenting as main purposes the cultivation of plant species for subsistence, food and medicinal purposes, for example, and an increase in family income. The study was conducted in the community Cachoeira, in the city of Brasileira, Piauí, Northeast Brazil, seeking to identify the knowledge and use exercised on botanical species cultivated in rural quintals and to characterize the dynamics involved in this practice in these spaces. The informants of the research were domiciliary heads (9 men and 8 women) who work in the maintenance of these spaces (17 maintainers). Being addressed through semi-structured forms containing questions about their socioeconomic background and specific questions related to the backyards present in their residence, such as: species found in the area, purpose of use, mode of maintenance and size of the yard. Identification was given through photographic records, specialized literature of the area and collection of material later incorporated in herbarium. In addition, the value of use (VU) of the species was calculated trying to indicate the local importance of the plants in the view of these social actors. 62 plants were registered, however, it was possible to identify 51 species belonging to 46 genera and 29 families. In this sense, the research points out information about the sociocultural relations between the people and the plants present in the studied area, which involve the knowledge and use of botanical species; with the sale of surplus resources, both of plants and animals grown in these areas; and ecological, in the cultivation and administration of native and / or exotic species. The data presented can be used in conservation strategies and sustainability of plant resources.