Efeitos de um programa de treinamento aeróbio sobre o balanço redox e os produtos finais de glicação avançada em diabéticos tipo 2

Abstract

Micro and macrovascular diabetes complications are resulted of great oxidative stress and increase of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). On the other hand, training have capacity to reduce oxidative stress in diabetics, but the effect in AGEs is incipient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of an aerobic training program on redox balance and AGES in type 2 diabetics volunteers. Nineteen type 2 diabetics volunteers, sedentary, 51.7±3.2 years old, and diabetics onset for 5.1±3.2 years, were randomly divided in exercise group (n=10) and control (n=9). For 12 weeks, volunteers of exercise group participated of three weekly sessions of treadmill exercise with progressive volume (20 to 60 minutes) and moderate intensity (between threshold 1 and 2), while volunteers of control group remained without exercise during the same period. Before and after intervention program the participants were submitted to ergoespirometric test to determine cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), as well as were performed blood collection to evaluate fasting glucose, hemoglobin glycated (A1c), Nε-carboximetilisina (CML), malondiadehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). For first, middle and last were applied 24 hours diatary recall to evaluated food behavior during the intervention. Data were statically analyzed by repeated measures two-way ANOVA test (time x group), with effect size calculation of ETA². Additionally, was performed interindividual variability analysis to determinate the responders by typical error calculation. Training program promoted descriptive increase of 18% in cardiorespiratory fitness, but without statistical difference (23.6±5.0 para 27.9±7.4 ml/kg/min, p=0.264 n²=0,093). The mean of fasting glucose did not change statically after training program (145±31 para 130±28 mg/dl, p=0,731, n²=0,031), and no one volunteer was considered responder. In the same mode, the A1c did not suffered significative alterations (9,2±0,7 para 8,9±0,9 %, p=0,665, n²=0,015), but individually seven volunteers had minor values and was considered responders. Training program does not had significative effect in mean of main outcomes evaluated too, CML (1585±58 para 1585±57 ng/ml, p=0.396, n²=0,048), MDA (3.0±1.0 para 3.6±0.8 μmol/L, p=0.667, n²=0,010) e TAC (21.4±11 para 17.3±11 p=0.396, n²=0,158), and individually, just in TAC there were responders. We concluded that training program did not was effective to promote improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic profile, and consequently did not promote alterations on CML, MDA e TAC concentrations in type 2 diabetics volunteers.