Efeito de uma solução tópica oral de multicomponente no tratamento da mucosite oral quimioinduzida em ratos wistar

Abstract

Introduction: Oral mucositis (MO) is one of the adverse effects of chemotherapy and at the same time the condition often related to the morbidity and mortality of patients on antineoplastic therapy. Objective: To evaluate clinical, histological and food intake in wistar rats with oral mucositis induced by chemotherapy treated with a multicomponent solution. Methods: A probabilistic sample of 24 male and adult Wistar rats underwent oral mucositis induction with 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy and were rats according to the following groups: Group 1, negative control (n=8, use of saline solution); Group 2, positive control (n=8, use of chlorhexidine digluconate 0.12%); and Group 3, experimental (n=8, use of multicomponent solution) 4 times a day with duration of 60 seconds. After the treatment period (5th to 8th day), the animals were submitted to clinical and histological analyzes from fragments of the mucosa excisionally biopsied from the vestibular fornice of the lower incisors. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics with a significance level of 5%. Results: A significant clinical improvement (p <0.05) was observed in the groups that used chlorhexidine digluconate 0.12% and multicomponent solution when compared to the saline group. The evaluation of reepithelialization revealed, for group I, a higher frequency of grade 1, that is, absence of reepithelialization (n=4; 57.1%). In groups II and III, prevalence of grade 2 was observed, that is, reepithelialization that covered <50% of the wound. The evaluation of the inflammatory infiltrate indicated that the treatment of group I promoted in all animals an intense semiquantification of the inflammatory response and that this parameter of evaluation was considered moderate for groups II and III. Food intake presented a statistical difference between the chlorhexidine groups 0.12% and multicomponent solution (p <0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that the multicomponent solution promoted clinical improvement and histological parameters related to the severity of the inflammatory process of oral mucositis lesions induced by chemotherapy in Wistar rats, but did not promote an increase in the amount of food ingested when compared to treated. The analysis of the thermal differential between the active pharmaceutical inputs, in binary combinations, present in the solution indicated incompatibility.