Estudo do pronome me: de uma abordagem prototípica a uma noção discursiva

Abstract

This work consists of an analysis of the behaviour of the object pronoun me, for this purpose, we considered the concepts of prototypicality and oral transitivity (Hopper and Thompom, 1980) as guidelines to start from an analysis aiming at a more functional approach. The pronoun me performs, syntactically, the function of object; it can be direct object or indirect object. Our hypothesis is that this pronoun, depending on the discursive environment, can perform other(s) function(s) not previewed in a traditional syntactic analysis, however, possible to the text bias, previewed by the Classical Functional Linguistic. Our theoretical fundamentation is based on the analysis and contributions of scholars like Almendra & Figueiredo (1997), Cunha (2008), Vanderlei (2014), Castilho (2014), Perini (1996), Hopper & Thompson (1980), among others. It is a quantitative and qualitative research, once we are analysing and treating data extracted from the corpora C-Oral-Brasil and CLELP – Language Sciences with emphasis on the Teaching of Portuguese Language, being this last one composed of real interactions of use of the language, through virtual forums of the subjects of the mentioned course. Thus, through the criterion prototypicality, we reached the conclusion that the prototypical function of the pronoun studied is the one of the direct and/or indirect object. However, from the investigation, we can sign that a formal categorical analysis does not enable a broad observation of the different functions, when considered the varied discursive contexts of effective use of the language, once other non-regular functions related to the mentioned pronoun were observed. After that, the relation of the pronoun me with verb structures was checked, from which there was predominance of the pronoun me into simple verb forms. Regarding the pronoun placement, it was found that the proclysis is the prototypical position. Hence, the oral transitivity, for instance, is a promising avenue to contemplate the possible functions, which are feasible by the pronoun studied. From the analysis performed, we checked that, there is consonance of what is foreseen in the grammar compendia and this study, as the prototypical syntactic function of this pronoun, in both corpora, is the one of the object, being this direct and/or indirect.