Water, energy and food nexus: how technologies implementation affects agribusiness models

Abstract

The concept of the Nexus between Water, Energy and Food (WEF Nexus) is presented as a way to mitigate tradeoffs and increase synergies between water and energy for food production, in order to guarantee access to quality water, energy and food. In this context, the role played by the private sector in promoting water, energy and food security is vital. The innovation of business models through the implementation of technologies is a means of incorporating the principles of the WEF Nexus into the business model. This research aims to analyze the impact of new technologies on agribusiness models, under a WEF Nexus and Sustainability perspective. Through a systematic literature review, it was possible to identify the WEF Nexus principles. Seven case studies were also carried out with technologies implemented in four agribusiness companies. Each technology was analyzed based on the principles of WEF Nexus. In addition, the impact of the implementation of these technologies on business models was analyzed, in terms of value proposition, value creation and delivery system and value capture. As contributions, this research establishes a link between WEF Nexus and business models literatures, through a practical analysis of the WEF Nexus approach, in addition to describing the changes that occured in business models during the innovation and adjustment phases of the innovation process. It also presents the concept of WEF Nexus as a way to overcome the challenges faced when companies innovate their business models towards sustainability