Rent Seeking e o processo de distribuição de limite orçamentário às universidades públicas federais

Abstract

Based on the literature on rent seeking theory, this research aimed to analyze the influence of size, performance and public governance on the distribution of the budget limit of federal public universities. For research purposes, it is based on the premise that structural factors of universities are used as an argument to expand the availability of resources from universities to the federal government. The sample, collected from 2014 to 2018, comprised 55 universities. The regression technique with panel data was used, since the sample is composed of sectional and temporal data. To achieve the research objective, the dependent variable consists of the committed amount (EMP) of its discretionary budget until September, the period chosen because it is the one in which there is most pressure on the federal government to release budget limits. The various independents used in the research corresponded to structural factors such as size – ‘AGE’, governance – ‘IGobPub’ and performance – ‘IGC’ and ‘TSG’. The evidence revealed that the equivalent number of students ‘AGE’, the public governance index ‘iGovPub’ and the general course index ‘IGC’ have a positive influence on the committed value ‘EMP’. The success rate of the graduation does not have a significant relationship with the resource received in advance by the institution. In this sense, the research concludes that size, governance and qualitative performance influence the receipt of greater availability for budgetary commitment. Finally, this work brought contributions by adding knowledge about factors that are able to influence the process of negotiation and obtaining budget limits together with the Ministry of Education and the process of rent seeking and the federal government.